定语从句后面的

第三讲

关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom

e.g. 1. The man is a famous runner. You talked to him just now.

The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 2. The chair is made of wood. He is sitting on it now.

The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 3. He is a library assistant. I borrowed some books from him.

_________________________________________________________

4. It is a famous school. He graduated from it 3 years ago.

_________________________________________________________ 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，

Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)

介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），

He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)

有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开， (look after take care of look for)

e.g. 5. He is the student. / The teachers are looking for him.

He is the student who the teachers are looking for. 6. The number of the children is 30. / She takes care of the children.

The number of the children who she takes care of is 30. 找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分

1. This is the house about which we wrote to you.

2. Wu Dong, with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

3. He used to live in a big house in front of which grew many banana trees.

4. This is Peter in whose house I have lived for five years.

第四讲

关系副词： when where why

当先行词是表示时间的名词，用when，在定语从句中充当时间状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:

e.g. 1. I will never forget the day./ I went to university on that day.

I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university. 2. He still remember the morning. / The earthquake happened on that morning.

______________________________________________________________ 当先行词是表示地点的名词，用where，在定语从句中充当地点状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:

e.g. 3. This is the house. / He used to live in the house.

This is the house where/ in which he used to live. 4. I know of a place in which/where we can swim

_____________________________________________________________

先行词是表示原因的名词，即reason，用why，在定语从句中充当原因状语，这时一般可以用for ＋which来代替:

e.g. 5. I don’t know the reason. / He did it for this reason.

I don’t know the reason why/ for which he did it. 6. The reason for which/why he was fired was not clear..

I will never forget the day _which/that/不填___ we spent together in the countryside

I will never forget the days__during which/when___ we stayed together in the countryside

This is the reason __that/which/不填_ they told me

This is the reason _for which/why__ he turned the job

f

找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分

1. I know a forest where you can find wild strawberries.

2. Is there any reason why you should have a holiday.

3. I will show you the way to the Friendship Hotel where foreign visitors are staying.

4. Be sure to call on us next time when you come to town.

5. We shall never forget the days when we were united as one to fight against the Japanese.

第五讲

注意点：要注意判断关系词及关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

e.g. 1. This is the house He visited it yesterday.

This is the house. He once lived in it. This is the house which/that / / he visited yesterday. This is the house where/in which he once lived. 2. We will remember the day. We spent the day together.

___________________________________________________________

We will remember the day. We worked on this day together.

___________________________________________________________ 找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分

1. I will show you to the factory which produces this kind of TV sets.

2. I will show you to the factory where he has worked for five years.

3. I will show you to the factory whose workers are all disabled people.

4. I will show you to the factory which you once visited five years ago.

第六讲

定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

as引导定语从句时的用法

1. as引导性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

e.g. Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

________________________________________________ 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

2. as引导非性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。常用下列句型: as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks.（one为先行词）

He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（students为先行词）

定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.

引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

几个特殊的定语从句句型：

1. Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?

Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?

2. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：

Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?

3. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或省略来引导定语从句，也可省略：

Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?

4. He stood at the window, from which he could see what was happening.

It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.

找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分

1. He is a teacher, as is clear form his manner.

2. As is known to all, water resources are very limited on the earth.

3. He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.

4. They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented

5. I don’t like the way he speaks.

6. He is one of the students who know the Japanese.

7. He is the only one of the students who knows the Japanese.

练习题

第三讲

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

16. The service should be improved. The students complain a lot about it.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思， 填入介词加关系代词费

1. The person _____ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil _____ he was writing broke.

4. The two things _____ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ____ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, _____ this is one example, are well written.

7. The ship, ______ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.

8. The family _______ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon.

9. He has written a book, the name _____ I have completely forgotten.

10. It is a family of eight children, all _______ are studying music.

11. Can you suggest a time ______ it will be convenient to meet.

12. The town, ______ they came, was in the north of the province.

13. The fur coat ________ the lady was dressed was very expensive.

14 The emperor, ________ the palace was built, was very cruel.

15. He had a dream _______ he was taken to the amusement park.

16. The money _______ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather.

17. Ann White, _______ we received the invitation, lives next door to us.

18. The story, ________ the film is based , is a true one.

第四讲

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. I still remember the day. We first met on the day.

2. Is there any shop around? I can buy a pen in the shop.

3. The year 1986 was important in history. The American astronauts first landed on the moon in this year.

5. The city is on the new railway line. I was born in this city.

6. This is the reason. He left the company.

第五讲

e.g. This is the date _______ we’re proud of.

This is the date _______ he was born.

I will never forget the time ______ we spent together.

This is the factory _______ my mother works.

This is the factory _______ we visited last week.

A. when B. where C. which D. that

I don’t believe the reason _____ he gave for his decision.

Another reason _______ he made this decision is that he had to consider the feelings of others.

第六讲

一． 填上合适的关系代词或关系副词

1. A country is a nation _________ has its own government, land and population.

2. I’ve looked the words up in the dictionary _______ I borrowed from my teacher.

3. The man __have made much money do not know what to do with their money.

4. We haven’t found a language ______ would be accepted by people.

5. He went to a friend _______ knew a lot about money matters.

6. Hand signs can be useful in places ______ are very noisy and in places ______ are very quiet.

7. Mr Black would never forget the day _____ he was bitterly punished.

8. The reason _______ he did not buy the modern painting was that it was not a painting at all.

9. The winter Olympics are always held in a mountainous country ______

there is plenty of snow.

10. The greeting “Good afternoon” is given to anyone ______ you are passing quickly.

11. Tom stop to speak someone ______ makes an inquiry about friends.

12. Adults sometimes envy children, ______ can run out to play.

13. I’d like to borrow a book _______ cover is blue.

14. This is the very work _______ I’m after.

15. I have the same book _____ you lent me.

16. Some soldiers arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ________ sat a little boy.

17. This is the shop ________ sells books.

18. This is the shop ______ we can buy books.

19. I’ll never forget the day ______ we once stayed together.

20. I’ll never forget the day _______ we spent together.