2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojudgeapersonbytheirappearance.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.注意：此部分试題请在答题1上作答。PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.1.A)Surfingthenet.C)Packingabirthdaygift.B)Watchingatalkshow.D)Shoppingatajewelrystore.2.A)Heenjoysfindingfaultwithexams.B)Heissureofhissuccessintheexam.C)Hedoesn'tknowifhecandowellintheexam.D)HeusedtogetstraightA’sintheexamshetook.3.A)Themanisgenerouswithhisgoodcommentsonpeople.B)Thewomanisunsureiftherewillbepeaceintheworld.C)Thewomanisdoubtfulaboutnewspaperstories.D)Themanisquiteoptimisticabouthumannature.4.A)Studyforsomeprofession.C)Stayinbusiness.B)Attendamedicalschool.D)Sellhisshop.5.A)Moremoney.C)Acollegeeducation.B)Fairtreatment.D)Shorterworkhours.6.A)Shewasexhaustedfromhertrip.C)ShewasimpressedbyMexicanfood.B)Shemissedthecomfortsofhome.D)ShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.7.A)Cheerherselfupabit.C)Seekprofessionaladvice.B)Findamoresuitablejob.D)Takeapsychologycourse.8.A)Hedressesmoreformallynow.C)Hehasignoredhisfriendssincegraduation.B)Whathewearsdoesnotmatchhisposition.D)Hefailedtodowellatcollege.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Togosightseeing.C)Topromoteanewchampagne.B)Tohavemeetings.D)Tojoininatrainingprogram.10.A)Itcanreducethenumberofpassengercomplaints.B)Itcanmakeairtravelmoreentertaining.C)Itcancutdowntheexpensesforairtravel.D)Itcanlessenthediscomfortcausedbyairtravel.,11.A)Tookbalancedmealswithchampagne.C)Refrainedfromfishormeat.B)Atevegetablesandfruitonly.D)Avoidedeatingrichfood.12.A)Manyofthemfounditdifficulttoexerciseonaplane.B)Manyofthemwereconcernedwiththeirwell-being.C)Notmanyofthemchosetodowhatshedid.D)Notmanyofthemunderstoodtheprogram.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Atafair.C)Inacomputerlab.B)Atacafeteria.D)Inashoppingmall.14.A)Thelatestcomputertechnology.C)Thepurchasingofsomeequipment.B)Theorganizingofanexhibition.D)Thedramaticchangesinthejobmarket15.A)Datacollection.C)Corporatemanagement.B)Trainingconsultancy.D)Informationprocessing.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Improvethemselves.C)Followtheculturaltradition.B)Getridofemptydreams.D)Attemptsomethingimpossible.17.A)Byfindingsufficientsupportforimplementation.B)Bytakingintoaccounttheirownabilitytochange.C)Byconstantlykeepinginmindtheirultimategoals.D)Bymakingdetailedplansandcarryingthemout.18.A)Toshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktonormal.B)Toshowhowdifficultitisforpeopletoloseweight.C)Toremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodbags.D)Toillustratehoweasilypeopleabandontheirgoals.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust19.A)Michael’sparentsgotdivorced.B)KarenwasadoptedbyRayAnderson.C)Karen'smotherdiedinacaraccident.D)Atruckdriverlosthislifeinacollision.20.A)Heranaredlightandcollidedwithatruck.B)Hesacrificedhislifetosaveababygirl.C)Hewaskilledinstantlyinaburningcar.D)HegotmarriedtoKaren'smother.21.A)Thereportedheroturnedtobehisfather.13)Hedidnotunderstandhisfathertilltoolate.C)Suchmisfortuneshouldhavefallenonhim.D)Itremindedhimofhismiserablechildhood.PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Germany.B)Japan.C)TheUS.D)TheUK.23.A)Bydoingoddjobsatweekends.B)Byworkinglonghourseveryday.C)Byputtinginmorehourseachweek.D)Bytakingshortervacationseachyear.24.A)Tocombatcompetitionandraiseproductivity.B)Toprovidethemwithmorejobopportunities.C)Tohelpthemmaintaintheirlivingstandard.D)Topreventthemfromholdingasecondjob.25.A)Changetheirjobs.B)Earnmoremoney.C)Reducetheirworkinghours.D)Strengthenthegovernment’srole.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Nursing,asatypicallyfemaleprofession,mustdealconstantlywiththefalseimpressionthatnursesaretheretowaitonthephysician.Asnurses,weare___26___toprovidenursingcareonly.Wedonothaveanylegalormoral___27___anyphysician.Weprovidehealthteaching,assessphysicalaswellasemotionalproblems.___28___patient-relatedservices,andmakeallofournursingdecisionsbaseduponwhatisbestorsuitableforthepatient.If,inanycircumstance,wefeelthataphysician'sorderisinappropriateorunsafe,wehavealegal___29___toquestionthatorderorrefusetocarryitout.Nursingisnotanine-to-fivejobwitheveryweekendoff.Allnursesareawareofthatbeforetheyentertheprofession.Theemotionaland___30___stress,however,thatoccursduetooddworkinghoursisa___31___reasonforalotofthecareerdissatisfaction.Itissometimesrequiredthatweworkovertime.Andthatwechangeshiftsfourorfivetimesamonth.Thatdisturbsourpersonallives,___32___oursleepingandeatinghabits,andisolatesusfromeverythingexceptjob-relatedfriendsandactivities.Thequalityofnursingcareis___33___dramaticallybythesesituations.Mosthospitalsarenowstaffedbynewgraduates,asexperiencednursesfinallygiveuptryingtochangethesystem.Consumersof___34___relatedserviceshaveevidentlynotbeenaffectedenoughyettodemandchanges___35___.ButifTrendscontinueaspredicted,theywillfindthatmostcriticalhospitalcarewillbeprovidedbynew,inexperiencedandsometimesinadequatelytrainednurses.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MillionsofAmericansareenteringtheir60sandaremoreconcernedthaneveraboutretirement.Theyknowtheyneedtosave,buthowmuch?Andwhatexactlyaretheysavingfortospendmoretime___36___thegrandkids,gotraveling,orstartanothercareer?Itturnsoutthathusbandsandwivesmaxhave___37___differentideasaboutthesubject.Thedeepestdivideisinthewayspousesenvisagetheirlifestyleintheirlateryears.FidelityInvestmentsInc.found41percentofthe500couplesitsurveyed___38___onwhetherbothoratleastonespousewillworkinretirement.Wivesaregenerallyrightregardingtheirhusbands'retirementage,butmen___39___theagetheirwiveswillbewhentheystopworking.Andhusbandsareslightlymore___40___abouttheirstandardoflivingthanwivesare.Busyjuggling（穷于应对）careersandfamilies,mostcouplesdon'ttaketimetositdown,___41___together,andthinkaboutwhattheywouldliketodo5,10or20yearsfromnow.They___42___theyareonthesamepage,butthe___43___istheyhaveavoidedeventalkingaboutit.Ifyouareself-employedorinajobthatdoesn’thaveastandardretirementage,youmaybemoreapttodelaythinkingabouttheseissues.Itisoftena___44___retirementdatethatprovidesthecatalyst（催化剂）tostartplanning.Gettinglaidofforacceptinganearly-retirement___45___canforceyourhand.Butdon’twaituntilyougetaseverance（遣散费）checktobeginplanning.SectionA注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)assumeB)confidentialC)disagreeD)formulaE)forthcomingH)observeI)optimisticJ)packageF)illustratingG)mysteriouslyK)radicallyL)realityM)separatelyN)spoilingO)underestimateSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.WhatIfMiddle-ClassJobsDisappear?A)ThemostrecentrecessionintheUnitedStatesbeganinDecemberof2007andendedinJune2009,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.However,twoyearsaftertheofficialendoftherecession,fewAmericanswouldsaythateconomictroublesarcbehindus.Theunemploymentrate,inparticular,remainsabove9%.Somelabormarketindicators,suchastheproportionoflong-termunemployed,arcworsenowthanforanypostwarrecession.B)Therearetwowidelycirculatednarrativestoexplainwhat’sgoingon.TheKeynesiannarrativeisthattherehasbeenamajordropinaggregatedemand.Accordingtothisnarrative,theslumpcanbelargelycuredbyusingmonetaryandfiscal（财政的）stimulus.Themainanti-Keynesiannarrativeisthatbusinessesaresufferingfromuncertaintyandover-regulation.Accordingtothisnarrative,theslumpcanbecuredbyhavingthegovernmentcommittoandfollowamorehands-offapproach.C)Iwanttosuggestathirdinterpretation.Withoutrulingoutaroleforaggregatedemandorfortheregulatoryenvironment,Iwishtosuggestthatstructuralchangeisanimportantfactorinthecurrentrateofhighunemployment.Theeconomyisinastateoftransition,inwhichthemiddle-classjobsthatemergedafterWorldWar[|havebeguntodecline.AsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeputitinarecente-bookRaceAgainsttheMachine:“Therootofourproblemsisnotthatwe'reinagreatrecession,oragreatstagnation（停滞）.butratherthatweareintheearlythroes（阵痛）ofagreatrestructuring.”D)Infact.IbelievetheGreatDepressionofthe1930scanalsobeinterpretedinpartasaneconomictransition.Theimpactoftheinternalcombustionengine（内燃机）andthesmallelectricmotoronfarmingandmanufacturingreducedthevalueofuneducatedlaborers.Instead,bythe1950s,amiddleclassoflargelyclerical（从事文秘工作的）workerswasthemostsignificantpartofthelaborforce.Between1930and1950,UnitedStateseconomyunderwentagreattransition.Demandfellforhumaneffortsuchaslifting,squeezing,andhammering.Demandincreasedforworkerswhocouldreadandfollowdirections.Theevolutionaryprocesseventuallychangedusfromanationoflaborerstoanationofclerks.E)Theproportionofemploymentclassifiedas“clericalworkers’,grewfrom5.2%in1910toapeakof19.3%in1980.(However,by2000thisproportionhadedgeddownto17.4%.)Overall,workersclassifiedasclericalworkers,technicalworkers,managersandofficialsexceeded50%ofthelaborforceby2000.Correspondingdeclinestookplaceinthemanualoccupations.Workersclassifiedaslaborers,otherthanfarmhandsorminers,peakedat11.4%ofthelaborforcein1920butwerebarely6%by1950andlessthan4%by2000.Farmersandfarmlaborersfellfrom33%ofthelaborforcein1910tolessthan15%by1950andonly1.2%in2000.F)Theintroductionofthetractorandimprovementsinthefactoryrapidlyreducedthedemandforuneducatedworkers.Bythe1930s,amarginalfarmhandcouldnotproduceenoughtojustifyhisemployment.Sharecropping,nevermuchbetterthanasubsistenceoccupation,wasnolongerviable（可行的）.Meanwhile-machineswerereplacingmanufacturingoccupationslikecigarrollingandglassblowingforlightbulbs.G)Thestructural-transitioninterpretationoftheunemploymentproblemofthe1930swouldbethatthedemandforuneducatedworkersintheUnitedStateshadfallen,butthesupplyremainedhigh.Thehighschoolgraduationratewasonly8.8%in1912andstilljust29%in1931.By1950,ithadreached59%.Withanewgenerationofworkerswhohadcompletedhighschool,themismatchbetweenskillsandjobshadbeengreatlyreduced.H)WhattookplaceafterWorldWarⅡwasnottherevivalofa1920seconomy,withitssmallfarmingunits,urbanmanufacturing,andpluralityoflaborers.Instead,the1950ssawthecreationofanewsuburbaneconomy.withapluralityofwhite-collarworkers.Withanexpandedtransportationandcommunicationsinfrastructure（基础设施）,businessesneededtelephoneoperators,shippingclerksandsimilaroccupations.Ifyoucouldread,followsimpleinstructions,andsettleintoaroutine,youcouldfindajobinthepost-wareconomy.I)Thetrendawayfrommanualtaborhascontinued.Evenwithinthemanufacturingsector,theshareofproductionandnon-supervisoryworkersinmanufacturingemploymentwentfromover85%justafterWorldWarIItolessthan70°oinmorerecentyears.Toputthisanotherway,theproportionofwhitecollarworkinmanufacturinghasdoubledoverthepast50years.Onthefactoryflooritself,workhasbecomelessphysicallydemanding.Instead,itrequiresmorecognitiveskillsandtheabilitytounderstandandcarryoutwell-definedprocedures.J)Asnotedearlier,theproportionofclericalworkersintheeconomypeakedin1980.Bythatdate,computersandadvancedcommunicationsequipmenthadalreadybeguntoaffecttelephoneoperationsandbanking.TheriseofthepersonalcomputerandtheInternethaswidenedtheimpactofthesetechnologiestoincludenearlyeverybusinessandindustry.K)Theeconomytodaydiffersfromthatofagenerationago.Mortgageandconsumerloanunderwriters（风险评估人）havebeenreplacedbycreditscoring.Recordstoreshavebeenreplacedbymusicdownloads.Bookstoresareclosing,whilesalesofbooksonelectronicreadershaveincreased.Dataentryhasbeenmovedoffshore.Routinecustomersupportalsohasbeenoutsourced（外包）overseas.L)Thesetrendsservetolimittheavailabilityofwell-definedjobs.Ifajobcanbecharacterizedbyaprecisesetofinstructions,thenthatjobisacandidatetobeautomatedoroutsourcedtomodestlyeducatedworkersindevelopingcountries.TheresultiswhatDavidAutorcallsthepolarizationoftheAmericanjobmarket.M)UsingthelatestCensusBureaudata.MatthewSlaughterfoundthatfrom2000to2010therealearningsofcollegegraduates(withnoadvanceddegree)fellbymoreinpercentagetermsthantheearningsofhighschoolgraduates.Infact,overthisperiodtheonlyeducationcategorytoshowanincreaseinearningswasthosewithadvanceddegrees.N)Theoutlookformid-skilljobswouldnotappeartobebright.Communicationstechnologyandcomputerintelligencecontinuetoimprove,puttingmoreoccupationsatrisk.Forexample,manypeopleearnalivingasdrivers-includingtrucksandtaxicabs.However,theageofdriverlessvehiclesappearstobemovingcloser.Anotherexampleisinthefieldofeducation.Inthefallof2011,anexperimentwithanonlinecourseinartificialintelligenceconductedbytwoStanfordprofessorsdrewtensofthousandsofregistrants（报名者）.Thisincreasesthestudent-teacherratiobyafactorofclosetoathousand.Imaginethenumberofteachingjobsthatmightbeeliminatedifthiscouldbedoneformath,economics,chemistry,andsoon.O)It’simportanttobearinmindthatwhenweofferastructuralinterpretationofunemployment,a“lossofjobs”meansanincreaseinproductivity.Traditionally,economistshavearguedthatproductivityincreasesareagoodthing,eventhoughtheymaycauseunemploymentforsomeworkersintheshortrun.Inthelongrun,theeconomydoesnotrunoutofjobs.Rather,newjobsemergeasoldjobsdisappear.Thestorywetellisthataveragewell-beingrises,andthemorepeopleareabletoadapt,themorewidespreadtheimprovementbecomes.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Evenfactoryfloorworktodayhasbecomeintellectuallychallengingratherthanphysicallydemanding.47.Increasesinproductivityprovebeneficialthoughsomepeoplemaylosetheirjobstemporarily.48.Theunemploymentrateremainedhigheventwoyearsafterthegovernmentdeclaredtherecentrecessionwasover.49.Theauthorsuggeststhattherecenthighunemploymentrateismainlycausedbyadecreaseofmiddle-classjobs.50.Thecreationofasuburbaneconomyinthe1950screatedlotsofofficejobs.51Inthefirstdecadeofthe21stcentury,onlypeoplewithpostgraduatedegreesexperiencedanincreaseinearnings.52Oneeconomicstheorysuggestsusingmonetaryandfiscalstimulustocopewithaneconomicrecession.53.Thepopularityofonlinecoursesmayeliminatemanyteachingjobs.54.Computertechnologyhasbroughtaboutrevolutionarychangesintherecordandbookbusiness.55.White-collarworkersaccountedformorethanhalfofthelaborforcebytheendofthe20thcentury.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.\"Deepreading”—asopposedtotheoftensuperficialreadingwedoontheWeb—isanendangeredpractice,oneweoughttotakestepstopreserveaswewouldahistoricbuildingorasignificantworkofart.Itsdisappearancewouldjeopardizetheintellectualandemotionaldevelopmentofgenerationsgrowinguponline,aswellasthepreservationofacriticalpartofourculture：thenovels,poemsandotherkindsofliteraturethatcanbeappreciatedonlybyreaderswhosebrains,quiteliterally,havebeentrainedtounderstandthem.Recentresearchincognitivescienceandpsychologyhasdemonstratedthatdeepreading—slow,immersive,richinsensorydetailandemotionalandmoralcomplexity—isadistinctiveexperience,differentinkindfromthemeredecodingofwords.Althoughdeepreadingdoesnot,strictlyspeaking,requireaconventionalbook,thebuilt-inlimitsoftheprintedpageareuniquelyhelpfultothedeepreadingexperience.Abook'slackofhyperlinks（超链接）,forexample,freesthereaderfrommakingdecisions—ShouldIclickonthislinkornot?—allowinghertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative.Thatimmersionissupportedbythewaythebrainhandleslanguagerichindetail,indirectreferenceandfiguresofspeech:bycreatingamentalrepresentationthatdrawsonthesamebrainregionsthatwouldbeactiveifthescenewereunfoldinginreallife.Theemotionalsituationsandmoraldilemmasthatarethestuffofliteraturearcalsovigorousexerciseforthebrain,propellingusinsidetheheadsoffictionalcharactersandeven,studiessuggest,increasingourreal-lifecapacityforempathy（认同）.Noneofthisislikelytohappenwhenwe’rebrowsingthroughawebsite.Althoughwecalltheactivitybythesamename,thedeepreadingofbooksandtheinformation-drivenreadingwedoontheWebareverydifferent,bothintheexperiencetheyproduceandinthecapacitiestheydevelop.Agrowingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatonlinereadingmaybelessengagingandlesssatisfying,evenforthe“digitalnatives”towhomitissofamiliar.Lastmonth,forexample,Britain'sNationalLiteracyTrustreleasedtheresultsofastudyof34910youngpeopleaged8to16.Researchersreportedthat39%ofchildrenandteensreaddailyusingelectronicdevices,butonly28%readprintedmaterialseveryday.Thosewhoreadonlyonscreenwerethreetimeslesslikelytosaytheyenjoyreadingverymuchandathirdlesslikelytohaveafavoritebook.Thestudyalsofoundthatyoungpeoplewhoreaddailyonlyonscreenwerenearlytwotimeslesslikelytobeabove-averagereadersthanthosewhoreaddailyinprintorbothinprintandonscreen.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdoestheauthorsayabout“deepreading”？A)Uservesasacomplementtoonlinereading.B)Itshouldbepreservedbeforeitistoolate.C)ftismainlysuitableforreadingliterature.D)itisanindispensablepartofeducation.57.Whydoestheauthoradvocatethereadingofliterature?A)Ithelpspromotereaders’intellectualandemotionalgrowth.B)Itenablesreaderstoappreciatethecomplexityoflanguage.C)Ithelpsreadersbuildupimmersivereadinghabits.D)Itisquicklybecominganendangeredpractice.58.Inwhatwaydoesprinted-pagereadingdifferfromonlinereading?A)Itensuresthereader'scognitivegrowth.B)Itenablesthereadertobefullyengaged.C)Itactivatesadifferentregionofthebrain.D)Ithelpsthereaderlearnrhetoricaldevices.59.Whatdothestudiesshowaboutonlinereading?A)Itgraduallyimpairsone'seyesight.B)Itkeepsarousingreaders'curiosity.C)Itprovidesup-to-dateinformation.D)Itrendersreadinglessenjoyable.60.WhatdowelearnfromthestudyreleasedbyBritain’sNationalLiteracyTrust?A)Onscreenreadersmaybelesscompetentreaders.B)Thosewhodoreadinginprintarelessinformed.C)Youngpeoplefindreadingonscreenmoreenjoyable.D)Itisnoweasiertofindafavoritebookonlinetoread.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Manycurrentdiscussionsofimmigrationissuestalkaboutimmigrantsingeneral,asiftheywereabstractpeopleinanabstractworld.ButtheconcretedifferencesbetweenimmigrantsfromdifferentcountriesaffectwhethertheircominghereisgoodorbadfortheAmericanpeople.TheverythoughtofformulatingimmigrationlawsfromthestandpointofwhatisbestfortheAmericanpeopleseemstohavebeenforgottenbymanywhofocusonhowtosolvetheproblemsofillegalimmigration.Itishardtolookfor“theidealoutcome”onimmigrationintheabstract.EconomicsprofessorMiltonFriedmanoncesaid.“Thebestistheenemyofthegood,”whichtomemeantthatattemptstoachieveanunattainableidealcanpreventusfromreachinggoodoutcomesthatarepossibleinpractice.Toomuchofourcurrentimmigrationcontroversyisconductedintermsofabstractideals,suchas“Weareanationofimmigrants.”Ofcourseweareanationofimmigrants.Butwearealsoanationofpeoplewhowearshoes.Doesitfollowthatweshouldadmitanybodywhowearsshoes?Theimmigrantsoftodayareverydifferentfromthosewhoarrivedhereahundredyearsago.Moreover,thesocietyinwhichtheyarriveisdifferent.Tome,itisbettertobuildawallaroundthewelfarestatethanthecountry.Butthewelfarestateisalreadyhere—and,farfromhavingawallbuiltaroundit,thewelfarestateisexpandinginalldirections.Wedonothaveachoicebetweenthewelfarestateandopenborders.Anythingwetrytodoasregardsimmigrationlawshastobedoneinthecontextofahugewelfarestatethatisalreadyamajor,inescapablefactoflife.Amongotherfactsoflifeutterlyignoredbymanyadvocatesofdefactoamnesty（事实上的大赦）isthatthefreeinternationalmovementofpeopleisdifferentfromfreeinternationaltradeingoods.Buyingcarsorcamerasfromothercountriesisnotthesameasadmittingpeoplefromthosecountriesoranyothercountries.Unlikeinanimateobjects,peoplehaveculturesandnotallculturesarecompatiblewiththecultureinthiscountrythathasproducedsuchbenefitsfortheAmericanpeopleforsolong.NotonlytheUnitedStates,buttheWesternworkIingeneral,hasbeendiscoveringthehardwaythatadmittingpeoplewithincompatibleculturesisanirreversibledecisionwithincalculableconsequences.IfwedonotseethatafterrecentterroristattacksonthestreetsofBostonandLondon,whenwillweseeit?“Comprehensiveimmigrationreform”meansdoingeverythingalltogetherinarush,withouttimetolookbeforeweleap,andbasingourselvesonabstractnotionsaboutabstractpeople.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutimmigrantsinAmerica?A)Theyallhopetogaincitizenshipandenjoythewelfare.B)TheycometoAmericawithdifferentdreamsandpurposes.C)TheirbackgroundmaydeterminewhethertheybenefittheAmericanpeople.D)TheirculturesaffecttheextenttowhichtheywillachievesuccessinAmerica.62.WhatdoestheauthortrytosaybycitingMiltonFriedman'sremark?A)ItishardlypracticaltofindanidealsolutiontoAmerica'simmigrationproblem.B)Idealoutcomescouldbeproducedonlybycomprehensiveimmigrationreform.C)Astorimmigration,goodresultscannotbeachievedwithoutgoodintentions.D)ThepropersolutionofimmigrationissuesisanidealoftheAmericanpublic.63.Whatistheauthor'sviewregardingAmerica'simmigrationpolicy?A)Americashouldopenitsborderstoimmigrantsfromdifferentcountries.B)ImmigrantshavecontributedgreatlytothewelfareofAmericanpeople.C)UnrestrictedimmigrationwillunderminetheAmericanwelfarestate.D)ThereisnopointbuildingawallaroundtheAmericanwelfarestate.Whatistheauthor'spurposeincitingtherecentterroristattacksonthestreetsofBostonandLondon?A)ToshowthatAmericashouldjoinhandswithEuropeinfightingterrorists.B)ToprovethatitishightimeAmericamadecomprehensiveimmigrationreforms.C)ToprovethatterrorismisthemostdangerousthreattoAmericaandtheworldingeneral.D)Toshowthatimmigrants1culturalincompatibilitywiththehostcountryhasconsequences.65Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards\"comprehensiveimmigrationreform”?A)Supportive.C)Wait-and-see.B)Negative.D)Indifferent.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.最近，中国科学院(ChineseAcademyofSciences)出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。系列报告包括三部分：科学发展报告、高技术发展报告、中国可持续发展战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题^第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
