分析句子成分答案
【篇一:句子成分及其分析有答案[1]】
> 一、汉语句子成分:
句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语六种
主语:1、定义:主语:主语是句子中的陈述对象,说明是谁或什么。2、特点:a、经常由名词、代词、名词性短语充当。b、一般表示谓语所说的是“谁”或“什么”。3、符号:双行线。
谓语:1、定义:用来说明陈述主语。2、特点:a、经常由动词、形容词充当。b、一般表示主语“怎么样”或“是什么”。3、符号:单行线。
宾语:1、定义:表示谓语动词的涉及对象的语言单位。2、特点:a、经常由名词、代词、名词性短语充当。b、一般表示谓语“怎么样”或“是什么”。3、符号:波浪线。4、凡能愿动词,如“希望、想、可以、说”等词后面的一般都作宾语处理。 定语:1、定义:用在主语和宾语前面,起修饰和作用的语言单位。2、特点:a、经常由名词、形容词、动词、代词充当。b、一般定语与中心词之间有“的”字连接。3、符号:小括号()。 状语:1、定义:用在动词、形容词谓语前,起修饰和作用的语言单位。2、特点:a、经常由副词、形容词、动词、表示处所和时间的名词和方位词充当。b、一般状语与中心词之间有“地”字连接。3、符号:中括号[ ]。
补语:1、定义:谓语后面的附加成分,对谓语起补充说明作用,回答“怎么样”、“多
久”、“多少”(时间、处所、结果)之类问题的语言单位。2、特点:a、经常由动词、形容词、副词充当。b、一般补语与中心词之间有“得”字连接。3、符号:单书名号〈〉。 一般完整的句子成分的排列为:
(定语) 主语[状语] 谓语补语 (定语) 宾语
句子成分符号:主语谓语-宾语定语()状语[ ] 补语
重要绕口令
主谓宾,定状补,主干枝叶分清楚。
主干成分主谓宾,枝叶成分定状补。
定语必居主宾前,谓前为状谓后补。
状语有时位主前,逗号分开心有数。
还有助词来区分,的定地状得字补。
二、句子成分分析法
从句法结构的关系意义出发,对句子作成分功能或作用分析的方法叫句子成分分析法,即用符号标出句子的基本成分(主语、谓语、宾语)(这种做法又叫找句子的主干)和次要成分(状语、补语)。
主语和谓语:主语是句子里被陈述的对象,谓语是用来陈述主语的。在一般情况下,主语在前,谓语在后。如:
(1)大伙都散了。(《分马》)
(2)满树浅黄色的小花,并不出众。(《荔枝蜜》)
(3)我最不能忘记的是他的背影。(《背影》)
(4)利用物候知识来研究农业生产,已经发展为一门科学。(《大自然的语言》)
(5)那壮丽的柱廊,淡雅的色调,以及四周层次繁多的建筑立面,组成了一幅庄严绚丽的画图。(《雄伟的人民大会堂》)
注意:可以把主语中心词和其前的修饰语一起看作主语,把谓语中心词和其前其后的语一起看作谓语。这几句的主语分别是大伙、 满树浅黄色的小花、 我最不能忘记的、 利用物候知识来研究农业生产、 那壮丽的柱廊,淡雅的色调,以及四周层次繁多的建筑
立面,这几句的谓语是都散了、 并不出众、是他的背影、 已经发展为一门科学、 组成了一幅庄严绚丽的画图。
也可以把主语中心词直接看成是主语,把谓语中心词直接看成是谓语。那么上面的第(2)
(5)句主语也可以是“小花”“柱廊、色调、建筑立面”。再如
(6)一张简陋的大竹床铺着厚厚的稻草。(《驿路梨花》)
(7)其实这种缩微技术,早在十九世纪普法战争时候就使用过了。(《从甲骨文到缩微图书馆》)
可以认为竹床、技术是主语,铺、使用是谓语。
宾语和补语:宾语往往表示动作支配的对象,并且总是处在动词的后头。补语是动词形容词后面的补充成分。如:
(1)桥脚上站在一个人,却是我的母亲。(鲁迅《社戏》)
(2)我最不能忘记的是他的背影。(《背影》)
(3)萧队长说过:先进的要带落后的。(《分马》)
(4)列宁主义认为:资本主义国家的无产阶级要拥护殖民地半殖民地人民的斗争,殖民地半殖民地的无产阶级要拥护资本主义国家的无产阶级的斗争,世界才能胜利。(《纪念白求恩》)
还有一种宾语叫做双宾语,如:
(5)现在人们叫它故宫。(《故宫博物院》)
(6)我给她一本书。
它、她是近宾语(间接宾语),故宫、一本书是远宾语(直接宾语)。
(7)说起来可笑,小时候有一回上树掐海棠花,不想叫蜜蜂螫一下,痛得我差点儿跌下来。(《荔枝蜜》)
(8)我独自一人游荡 在田野里。(《挖荠菜》)
(11)年纪比我大的人,往往如此,我遇见过 好几回了。(《从百草园到三味书屋》) 尖括号里的全是补语,都补充说明了前面的动词、形容词。
定语和状语:定语是名词性词语的修饰成分,状语是动词性、形容词性词语的修饰成分。
(1)这时我看见(他)的背影,(我)的泪很快地流下来了。(《背影》)
(2)可我,总还是怀念那(长在野地里)的荠菜,就像怀念(那些与自己共过患难的老朋友)一样。(《挖荠菜》)
(3)老远就看见(镶嵌在正门顶上)的国徽的闪闪金光。(《雄伟的人民大会堂》)
(4)李四光[这一生中][还从来]没有过一次[这样]舒畅和快乐的谈话。(《地质之光》)
(5)他们[只]认得钱,托他们只是[白]托!而且我[这样]大年纪的人,难道[还][不]能料理自己么?(朱自清《背影》)
(6)说到这里,我们两人都[不约而同]地站了起来,[沿着草坪旁用卵石铺成的小径] 走到北海跟前。(萧乾《枣核》)
圆括号里的是定语,方括号里的是状语。
专项训练:句子主干和句子成分
一、提取下列句子的主干:
1、我们能够学会我们原来不懂的东西。
2、每一个党员都不要忘记自己身上的责任。
二、用符号法划分句子成分:
1、孩子成才是每个家长的希望。
2、研制摸仿人的动作和智能的自动机器,有几十年的历史。
3、我觉得我们的战士太伟大了。
4、母亲那种勤劳俭朴的习惯,母亲那种宽厚仁慈的态度,至今还在我心中留有深刻的印象。
5、永定河上的卢沟桥修建于11到1192年间。
三、找主语
1、和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹,是这条线段的垂直平分线。()
a.轨迹
b.和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹
c.两个端点距离相等的点的轨迹
d.和已知线段两个端点距离相等的点
2、他在蒙大拿的时候,和他同住在一间小房子里的伙伴们时常遗失一些小小的贵重物品。()
A、他
B、他在蒙大拿的时候
c、和他同住在一间小房子里的伙伴们
四、下列与例句的语法结构相同的句子是:()
例句:他的试验成功,为我国的科学发展填补了一项空白。
A、他的言行表现,为全体科技人员树立了榜样。
B、他的献身精神,是大家学习的楷模。
C、他的成绩提高,给集体的进步带来了很大希望。
D、他的踏实刻苦,为取得成绩创造了条件。
E、他的倡导号召,为全体人员所响应。
五、句子主干找得正确的一项是:()
A、日光的照射特别强烈。(主干:日光强烈)
B、总理那高大的形象总是浮现在我眼前。(主干:总理浮现眼前)
C、船长本已经不耐烦我父亲的那番谈话。(主干:船长耐烦谈话)
D、采集站送来的水和气孔吸进来的二氧化碳,就是合成有机物的两种最基本的原料。(主干:水和二氧化碳是原料)
六、对下列句子分析有误的一项是:( )
A、灯塔上的红光和那海面的银光,在我们面前揭开了海的神秘。(这个句子的主干是:红光揭开了神秘)
B、孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人(“站着喝酒而穿长衫的”“唯一的”在句中作定语)
C、为了交流经验,共同提高,纺线也开展竞赛。(“为了交流经验,共同提高”在句中作状语)
D、一些似云非云似雾非雾的灰气低低地浮在空中。(“在空中”在句中作状语)
七、判断下列各句中划虚线部分在句中所充当了什么成分。
A、煦暖的阳光照得人浑身舒畅。()
B、沙漠地区空气干燥。()
c、就在这一瞬间,他发现那个同志的脸色好象舒展开来。()
八、选出关于例句中“对”的宾语分析正确的一项( )
例句:某些厂领导对销售人员的意见言听计从,工人对销售人员的意见却很大。
B、两处“对”的宾语都是“销售人员”。
C、前一个“对”的宾语是“意见”,后一个“对”的宾语是“销售人员”。
D、前一个“对”的宾语是“销售人员”,后一个“对”的宾语是“意见”。
九、标示下列句子主干的主干。
A、我母亲对我们的拮据的生活感到非常痛苦。
B、这个神话是人们无法认识死海形成过程的一种猜测。
C、深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。
A、两处“对”的宾语都是“意见”。
D、一些似云非云似雾非雾的灰气低低地浮在空中。
e、建筑师极力推崇建筑工人的创造性劳动。
答案与简析
一、1、主干:我们能够学会东西。
简析:注意能愿动词“能够”的使用。在提取句子主干时要保留在主干里。
2、主干:党员不要忘记责任。
简析:否定词“不”要保留在主干里;能愿动词“要”要保留在主干里。
二、1、简析:主谓短语“孩子成才”是句子的主语。
2、简析:动宾短语“研制??自动机器”充当句子的主语。
3、简析:(1)“觉得”是表心理活动的动词,它后面的内容都回答了“什么”的问题,所以“觉得”的后面都是宾语;(2)主谓短语“我们的战士太伟大”充当句子的宾语。
4、简析:并列短语“??习惯??态度”充当句子的主语。
5、简析:介宾短语“于11到1192年间”在谓语的中心语“修建”的后面,回答了修建年代的问题,而没有回答“修建”“什么”的问题,所以介宾短语“于11到1192年间”充当补语。
三、答案:1.a、b简析:主语中心语和主语部分,都可看做主语
2.c简析:“,”前为状语
四、答案:c 简析:主谓短语做主语
五、答案:d 简析:注意谁是主语中心语。
六、答案:a 简析:注意不要遗漏
七、a.答案:补语。简析:“得”字之后
b. 答案:谓语。简析:“沙漠地区”是定语,“空气”是主语
c. 答案:状语。简析:时间状语
八、答案:a
九、a母亲感到痛苦b神话是猜测c挂着圆月d灰气浮e建筑师推崇劳动
【篇二:英语划分句子成分句式练习题及答案】
句子主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、
不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语
during the 1990s, american country music has become more and more popular.
we often speak english in class. one-third of the students in this class are girls.to swim in the river is a great pleasure.smoking does harm to the health.
the rich should help the poor.it is necessary to master a foreign language.
when we are going to have an english test has not been decided.
(三)谓语:动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:he practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)如:you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:we are students.
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
例如:划出表语并说出有什么词充当
our teacher of english is an american. is it yours?
the weather has turned cold.the speech is exciting.
three times seven is twenty one? his job is to teach english.
his hobby is playing football. the machine must be out of order.
time is up. the class is over. the truth is that he has never been abroad.
(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
例如:
they went to see an exhibition yesterday.
the heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
they helped the old with their housework yesterday. he pretended not to see me. i enjoy listening to popular music. i think(that)he is fit for his office.宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:lend me your dictionary, please.
2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:they elected him their monitor.
(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾
补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例如:
his father named him dongming.they painted their boat white.
let the fresh air in. you mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
we saw her entering the room.we found everything in the lab in good order.
we will soon make our city what your city is now.
(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:名词,形容词,代词,分词,动名词,不定式短语,介词短语等
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例如:找出定语并看由何种成分充当:
guilin is a beautiful city.
china is a developing country; america is a developed country.
there are thirty women teachers is our school.
his rapid progress in english made us surprised.
our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
the teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
he is reading an article about how to learn english.
(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:
light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)
he has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)
he is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)
he is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)
wait a minute.(名词)
once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
how about meeting again at six?(时间状语)
last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)
i shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)
mr smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)
she put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)
she came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)
in order to catch up with the others, i must work harder.(目的状语)
he was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)
she works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)
i am taller than he is.(比较状语)
英语句子结构
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:
s十v主谓结构 he runs quickly
s十v十f主系表结构 he seems interested in the book常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等
s十v十o主谓宾结构they found their home easily.
s十v十o1十o2 主谓双宾结构he offered me his seat/his seat to me.带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等
s十v十o十c 主谓宾补结构they named the boy charlie.
说明:s=主语;v=谓语;p=表语;o=宾语;o1=间接宾语;o2=直接宾语;c=宾
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11.we always work hard at english.
12.he said he didnt come.
13.she watched her daughter playing the piano.
14.speaking doesnt mean doing.
15.bye the time i got to the station,the train had left.
16.the children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.
17.it takes me an hour to get there.
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语法填空强化练习(1)
in the past a gentleman would offer his seat __(1)__ a lady on a crowded bus. but now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, __(2)__(leave) the lady standing __(3)__ someone else gets off. you can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners. __(4)__(go) are the days when women could be referred to the weak. a whole generation has grown up demanding __(5)__(equal) with men in jobs, in education and in social life. hold a door for some women __(6)__ you are likely to get __(7)__ angry lecture on treating women __(8)__ weaklings. take a girl out for a meal and she’ll probably insist on paying __(9)__ share of the bill. all these, according to some sociologists, will change men’s attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being __(10)__(replace) by true consideration for the needs and feeling of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.
语法填空强化练习(2)
in the small towns of the united states in the __(1)__(nineteen) century, the
general store was __(2)__ everyone bought the things he couldn’t make __(3)__ grow at home. what the stores sold __(4)__(tell) a great deal about __(5)__ life at that time. people bought tools that they needed for farm work; salt, sugar and __(6)__ foods that the farm didn’t produce; articles of clothing that they couldn’t make __(7)__; shirts for the men; or clothes for the children. life was simple then. one feels that people were __(8)__(thank) for what they had and that they looked __(9)__ with courage to whatever the future brought. it would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. would it seem to them that life is too complex? would they enjoy __(10)__(live) a life as we do now?
语法填空强化练习(3)
do you feel __(1)__ difficult to be happy all the time? now i’ll give you some tips __(2)__ how to make yourself happy. one way is being __(3)__ (self) because unselfishness is the key factor __(4)__ (require) if you want to get along well with others. by __(5)__ (say) being unselfish we mean we __(6)__ not want everything our own way or demand the best share of everything. another way is to look for good points in __(7)__ people. you’ll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy. third, you can not expect to be too perfect, __(8)__ don’t be too unhappy when you make a mistake. everything will be ok if you try to make things right. finally, it is important to remember that while you are no __(9)__ (bad) than others, chances you have may not be much better. in this case, __(10)__ surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.
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【篇三:句子成分和句子结构讲解 有答案】
subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
1.请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么(词,短语或句子)可以充当主语。
the sun rises in the east. (名词) he likes dancing. (代词) twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) seeing is believing. (动名词) to see is to believe. (不定式) what he needs is a book. (主语从句) it is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(it形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
常见错误分析
2:动词及其短语在作句子的主语时,只能使用其to do 或 doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作,-ing 强调经常发生的动作。
改错:1.play computer games does no good to us.
2.have a walk in the street is her hobby. 3.go home at once is his decision 4.make more friends will do good to us. 5.i?m like computer very much. 6.the story was happening the year before last. 二.宾语:
1.动作的承受者-----动宾 请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。
i like china. (名词)he hates you. (代词) how many do you need? we need two. (数词) i enjoy working with you. (动名词) i hope to see you again. (不定
式)did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2.介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 are you afraid of the snake/me/fighting? 3.双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) he gave me a book yesterday. 常见错误分析
1:介词后跟宾语时,必须为:名词、代词、ing 或wh型的连接词引导的从句。
改错:① i am fond of play basketball.
② he?s crazy about read story books.
③ i am sorry for late.
④i felt terribly sad for absent from class.
2:动词及其短语在作句子的主语或宾语时,只能使用其to do 或 doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作,-ing 强调经常发生的动作。
改错:①i enjoy make friends with everyone.
②he wanted go home at once.
三表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词之后。
英语中常见的系动词及其分类。
①状态系动词:用来表示主语状态:即be 。常译为是
②持续系动词:用来表示主语的继续或保持某种状况或态度,主要包括remain、keep、stay、lie 、stand 、exist等。常译为保持,依然是 i hope you will keep fit. we can remain friends. please stay seated ③变化系动词:用来表示主语变成什么样,主要包括:become 、grow 、turn 、get 、fall 、 go 、come 、run 等。常译为变得 he went mad. his hair turned grey. i fell ill. ④结果系动词:表示主语对应的结果,主要有:prove to be ,turn out to be 。常译为结果是seem 、 appear 、look. ⑤感官系动词:主要有feel 、smell 、sound 、 taste , seem 、 appear 、look。 her voice sounds sweet. tom looks thin. the food smells delicious.the food tastes good. now i feel tired. 请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。
he is a teacher. (名词)seventy-four! you don?t look it. (代词) five and five is ten.(数词) he is asleep. (形容词)his father is in. (副词) the picture is on the wall.( 介词短语) my watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) to wear a flower is to say “i?m poor, i can?t buy a ring. (不定式) the question is whether they will come.(表语从句) 常见错误分析:
1:动词及其短语在作句子的表语时,需用其非谓语形式,其中 to do 表将来的主动性动作,doing 表正在进行的主动性动作,有时也用作形容词表示主语所具有的特征;done 表示被动的已完成的动作。 选择:
① my hobby is __basketball.
a: playb: playing c: to play d: played ② the dog was so __ in that toy.
a: interesting b: interested c: to interest d: interest ③my plan is __ home
immediately.
a: go b: to go c: gone d: going. ④kity was __ at everything he saw.
a: surprising b: surprise c: surprised d: to surprise ⑤i was __at my grades.
a: disappointed b: disappoint c: disappointingd: to disappoint 2:名词、代词做表语时,其数必须和主语保持一致。 改错:
①we are student.
②these are panda.
③it?s birds.
3:表语常用形容词,而不用其副词形式。 改错:
(1)he is sadly.
(2)he is friendly to everyone.
(3)the food smells bad but it tastes well. (4)one year later, he turned a writer.(a) (5)as time went on, his idea was proved right. 四.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
1:实义动词及其短语作谓语 a stitch in time saves nine. 2:情态动词+动词原形作谓语
the law can not make all men equal ,but they are equal before the law. 3:助动词+实义动词或系动词(多为动词原形)作谓语 you?d better go now ,or you?ll be late for the interview. 4:系动词+表语作谓语 常见错误分析:
1:系动词+表语(名、代、介、形、副、非谓语……)才能构成完整的谓语。注意谓语一定要有动词的参予来完成。
改错。
①he at home now.
②i against / for the plan.
③i in favor of this idea.
④the light on / off then.
⑤he dead now.
⑥i fond of pandas.
⑦he always interested in english.
⑧the book worth reading.
⑨i eager to get your help.
⑩the girl dressed in white then.
⑾ my plan to do some shopping today.
⑿ i into playing table tennis.
⒀ my aim to teach you well.
⒁ tom devoted to his job then.
2: 情态动词和助动词虽有实义,但不能单独做谓语,必须和实义动词或系表结构一起构成复合谓语,尤其表语是形容词、副词、介词、时出现错误最多,处理方式是在表语前添加合适的系动词,多为be的合适形式。
改错:
①you can?t late again.
②he may at home.
③he must away now.
④tom may dead now.
⑤john must from the usa.
⑥in my opinion ,he will well soon.
⑦he didn?t against the plan.
⑧mao has dead for 32 years.
⑨they didn?t through the forest.
五.补足语:用于补充说明其他的句子成分。有主补、和宾补两种,用于补充说明主、宾所处的状态、性质、特征等。
宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
请找出下列句子的宾补并指出什么可以充当宾补。
1. he found his new job boring. (形容词作宾补) 2. the called their daughter mary. (名词作宾补) 3. this placed her in a very difficult position. (介词短语作宾补) 4. we went to here house but found her out. (副词作宾补) 5. what do you advise me to do?(不定式作宾补) 6. we thought him to be an honest man. (tobe作宾补) 7. he believed them to have discussed the problem. (不定式的完成式作宾补)
8. he believed her to be telling the truth. (不定式的进行式作宾补) 9. did you notice him come in?(不带to的不定式作宾补) 10. i saw her chatting with nancy. (现在分词作宾补) 11. he watched the piano carried upstairs. (过去分词作宾补) 注意1:在这个结构中,可以出现用it作形式上的宾语,把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中,宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。
he felt it his duty to mention this to her. 分析:it是形式宾语,his duty是宾语补足语,to mention this to her是真正的宾语。
i think it best that you should stay with us. 分析:it是形式宾语,best是宾语补足语,that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。 主补:对主语的补充。
he was elected monitor.she was found singing in the next room. he was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. to do … , doing , -ed 作补语的区别。 注意2:-ing 作宾补表示正在进行的动作,强调动作的一部分;若宾语是动作的发出者,用其主动式,若宾语是动作的承受者用其被动式。to do 作宾补强调动作的全过程,若宾语是动作的承受者,用其被动式;若宾语是动作的发出者,用其主动式。ed 作宾补表示已完成的动作,宾语是动作的承受者。
选择:(1)he raised his voice to make himself__.
a :hear b : heard c : hearingd: to hear (2).i couldn?t do my homework with all that noise__ on. a : gob going c gone d to go
(3).i saw him__ nothing at the meeting from beginning to end. a say b said c sayingdto say (4).the thief came in , with his hands__. a tying b tiedctied to tie 注意3:有些动词后跟不定式时需省去符号 to : watch , observe , see , look , look at , notice ; hear ,listen to , make , have , let , feel ,help 可带可不带。 六.定语:修饰或名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
请找出下列句子的定语并指出什么可以充当定语。
ai yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) he is our friend. (代词) we belong to the third world.(数词) he was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词) the man over there is my old friend.(副词)the woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) the boys playing football are in class 2. (现在分词) the trees planted last year are growing well now.(过去分词) i have an idea to do it well. (不定式) you should do everything that i do. (定语从句) 注意1:名词作定语时,须用其单数形式,不可用其所有格或复数形式。在变为复数时,只变被修饰的名词,man 或woman 作定语时,则两者都变。
a shoe shopmen?s teachers 注意2:在表示只有一人担任的头衔、职务的名词在作句子的表语、同位语、补足语、介词宾语时,不加冠词:常见的名词有: president , captain , monitor , headmaster , head-teacher , head , manager 等 we elected hu president of china. 常见错误分析:
1:单个形容词作定语修饰不定代词时,需要后置 2:表语形容词作定语时常后置如:awake 、afraid 、 asleep、 ashamed 、alike 等。 he was the only person awake at that time. 3:当else 作形容词修饰不定代词或疑问代词如:who 、what 、which等时要后置 i have something else to say. 4:表示长、宽、 高、深等度量的形容词作定语时常后置。 this is a room five meters wide. 5:有些形容词如present 、adopted 、concerned 、 absent 、opposite等既可前置也可后置,但意义不同:
①present adj: 前置:目前的 现在的 后置:出席的
what do you think of the present government ? the people present are mostly famous scientists. ②★adopted adj : 前置: 收养的
后置: 采用的
he is an adopted son.
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