2021年上海市黄浦区教育学院附属中山学校高三英语一模试题及答案

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.

A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, \" Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains.\"

Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.

The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.

Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.

Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.

Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.

1. The underlined word \" simultaneously\" in Paragraph 2 means \"________，\" A. on one's own B. at no time C. at the same time D. by accident

2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ . A. saving time

B. a shortened attention span C. lower grades at school D. depression and anxiety

3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage? A. Media multitasking is becoming more popular B. Multitasking shrinks the brain

C. Multitasking may shorten attention span D. People are worried about their memories.

B

John Montefiore's path to graduation from theUniversityofTorontowas a little unusual. He recently completed his bachelor's degree(学士学位) which he started in1995.

Montefiore left university in 1996 and tried to tell himself that a degree wasn't necessary for personal success. But it remained unfinished businessuntil he made the decision to return in 2018 at the age 42. At that time, his job development stalled, so he made up his mind to go back to school in order to improve himself and work well in future.

The second time around, Montefiore never missed a class and always sat in the front row. He found many courses invaluable and he received the Award of Excellence twice. He found support services played an important role in his successful return. He said, “I hadn't written a paper for years, so I found the college writing centre to be of great use. Before I handed in a paper, they would give me feedback, which was really great. The university has so much built in to help students succeed and I'm so thankful for that.” But he also met difficulties this time. As a student much older than others, he found it harder to make friends with classmates.

However, no matter what had happened before, he finally got his bachelor's degree. He said, “After all these years, I had thought it wouldn't mean anything, but it means a lot. I totally understand the value of education now. It's not necessarily the value that other people see in it, but the value it gives me as a person, for my confidence and my self-esteem. It also helps me prepare well before I re-enter the workplace.” 4. Why was Montefiore's graduation unusual? A. He had achieved personal success before. B. He understood the importance of a degree. C. He finished his degree at a much older age. D. He began his university study at a young age.

5. What does the underlined word \"stalled\" in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Stopped. B. Started. C. Survived. D. Succeeded. 6. What can we learn about Montefiore from the third paragraph?

A. He got good grades very easily. B. He took his study seriously this time

C. He was thankful for his classmates' help D. He had difficulty using support services. 7. What did Montefiore learn from his experience? A. Confidence is important in one's life. B. Others' opinions on education matter a lot. C. Higher education is a must for personal success. D. Education makes one feel better about himself.

C

Richard Campbell is a secondary school student. He is15 years old. He lives in a small town in the north ofEngland. Every morning, he gets up at eight o’clock, puts on his uniform and walks to school.

One hour later, the lessons start. The students usually study maths, English, history and geography in the morning. They usually study music and drawing and they play sports after lunch. They have a ten-minute break between classes. They also spend a long time in the school library, reading books and doing their homework.

Richard likes his school very much. His favourite subjects are English and geography, but he doesn’t like maths because he is not good at it.

Richard and all his friends spend the whole day at school. Lunch is at one o’clock. He doesn’t like the food that the school serves. This is why he often brings a packed lunch from home. He always has his lunch in the dining hall, but some of his friends sometimes eat in the courtyard or outside the school gate.

At weekends, he always goes out with his friends because he doesn’t go to school. On Saturday, he always goes to the cinema or to the sports centre. On Sunday, he just goes for a walk with his dog. 8. What time do Richard’s lessons begin in the morning? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. D. At 9:10. 9. What does Richard like best?

A. Maths and English. B. English and geography. C. History and maths. D. Geography and history. 10. Where does Richard have lunch on weekdays?

A. In the dining hall. B. At home.

C. In the courtyard. D. Outside his school gate. 11. What does Richard always do on Saturday? A. He reads and does homework. B. He goes to see films or does sports. C. He walks his dog or does exercise. D. He spends a long time in the library.

D

Teenagers from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers（同龄人）to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. Studies have shown, however, that a positive attitude towards schoolwork and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriersand lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement（参与）comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how teenagers experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behavior that are most affected by it.

This new study is part of a large one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Researchers asked 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their school work, and how they experienced their fathers' warmth. The students' maths and language arts grades were also gained. The research team took into account the influence that mothers have on their children’s well-being in their analyses.

Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school. “Low-income fathers affect their teenagers’ beliefs about themselves and their future, and these beliefs influence their achievement by increasing their determination to complete school tasks, “says Dr, Marie-Anne.

These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways. Experiencing their fathers’ warmth first influences daughters’sense of optimism, and thenspills overinto their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better maths grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers, love and boys' belief in their ability to succeed in academy. 12. What is more likely to happen to teenagers from low-income families? A. They will be more determined to struggle. B. They will have fewer happy things to share.

C. They will fail in their studies and quit school. D. They will receive less love from their parents.

13. How is the new research different from the previous ones? A. It only researches families in the north of America. B. It only studies low-education families in the world. C. It combines questionnaire data and students, grades. D. It mainly focuses on the effects of fathers' involvement. 14. What can we know about fathers' warmth? A. It is less effective than that of mothers. B. It affects girls and boys in different ways. C. It mainly applies to girls rather than boys. D. It has a more direct effect on girls thanon boys.

15. Which of the following best explains \"spills over\" underlined in the last paragraph? A. Spreads. B. Changes. C. Bursts. D. Checks. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Do you want to help yourself achieve your own New Year's resolutions(决心)？Then consider these tips: A Stanford professor says that we should develop \"small habits” for ourselves rather than try to change our behaviors entirely. The “small habits” can be anything. They might be practicing an instrument for 3 minutes perday, flossing(用牙线清洁)just one tooth or a single push-up when you first get out of be.___16___, so goals such as “eating healthy- or getting in shape” are more ideas than achievable deeds.

___17___. That's because you’ll carry them out without thinking about it. Examples of these daily habits might be washing your hands before eating a meal. Once someone forms a new habit, soon it turns into a full-blown custom.

Forbes India offers a couple of simple tricks for going all the way with your resolution.___18___It could help you track your progress.That's because it will keep you paying attention to whether or not you're going on with your efforts. Examples might include tracking how far your run or how much time you put into studying a new language. Keeping the scorecard will also create a nice sense of satisfaction.

Some people advise you should keep your resolution to yourself.___19___- It might mean that you're less likely to follow through. But others advise that you should tell your friends or family members. They say that

having social support helps people achieve difficult goals.

___20___, because one tip is not for everyone. A. You can keep a scorecard

B. It is up to you to choose a more suitable way C. Changing our behaviors is a more difficult task D.Announcing your goal suggests a sense of finish E. You should ask friends to improve your resolutions F. Simplifying wishes to daily habits is much more practical G. That's because you manage to keep on top of your resolutions

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Dustin and I were both exhausted, living through the first few weeks of caring for our new baby Randy. We were lacking in___21___and trying to get used to our life as___22___. Caring for the new baby was proving to be more___23___than anyone could have prepared us for.

Last night, we had___24___closed our eyes and were falling asleep when Randy___25___for one of his nighttime feedings. I complained to Dustin that I was much more tired, and___26___him to prepare the milk. Little did I know how exhausted Dustin___27___was that night.

Dustin seemed to be spending a very long time in the___28___so I called out to him to see if he was okay. He___29___back impatiently that he was, but he couldn't____30____the bottle and was trying to find another one. Finally, he made it back to the room and____31____the baby.

The next morning, as I was washing the____32____, I noticed a flashlight and batteries,____33____from each other, among the dirty dishes. I called Dustin to ask if he knew____34____the flashlight and its batteries were in the sink.

After hearing my doubt, he was also____35____Suddenly, he began to laugh,____36____that the \"broken\" bottle he was dealing with the night before was not a bottle____37____He said he would put in the milk, put on the Lop, and then turn it over to check the____38____(in case it's too hot for the baby) , but each time he did, it would____39____all the milk out. He made up the baby's milk in this \"bottle\" several times, thinking each time that the top was just not ____40____enough. We laughed after learning the truth. 21. A.sleep B.money C.patience D.safety 22. A.couples B.s C.families D.parents

23. A.rewarding B.satisfying C.relaxing D.challenging 24. A.finally B.secretly C.cautiously D.occasionally 25. A.came in B.woke up C.jumped down D.went away 26. A.allowed B.invited C.required D.encouraged 27. A.especially B.obviously C.actually D.hardly 28. A.yard B.kitchen C.bedroom D.bathroom 29. A.looked B.shouted C.rushed D.smiled 30. A.fix B.wash C.break D.empty 31. A.trained B.greeted C.protected D.fed 32. A.bottles B.cars C.dishes D.clothes 33. A.free B.separate C.absent D.far 34. A.why B.when C.where D.whether 35. A.confused B.upset C.content D.bored 36. A.predicting B.imagining C.realizing D.insisting 37. A.at least B.before long C.at all D.any longer 38. A.date B.amount C.price D.temperature 39. A.clear B.figure C.find D.pour 40. A.strong B.tight C.loose D.big 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

In 1981, in. San Francisco, Chris Cardner, a salesman, invests his family’ s savings in a medical instrument, but____41.____it proves to be, the investment becomes a white elephant, financially breaking the family and his wife leaves him and____42.____(them)son. He tries his hardest, though running into troubles,____43.____(land) a six-month no -salary job at a stock firm and battles to build a future.___44.___(face)with many problems while chasing his dream, he often sleeps in homeless shelters and even a public bathroom.____45.____he never backs off and his struggle pays off when the position____46.____(offer)to him. The Pursuit of Happiness is a very moving and inspiring American movie,____47.____Will Smith and his real life son playing the leading characters. At times I can not help looking at my own life and thinking of the____48.____(impress)scenes in the movie.___49.___most memorable words are_____50._____. Chis says to his son “If you’ve got a dream, you’ve got to protect it.”

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

In my spare time, I like exploring the nature in order to avoid too much screen time. One day, my friend Evan invited me go hiking toMount Emei. I agreed. As two experience hikers, Evan and I prepared well. We first threw bottled water and snacks into their backpacks, which were following by flashlights and maps. However, we had reviewed the route before. The hike began smoothly. On the way to the mountaintop, we stopped for short breaks many time and chatted freely. Carefully steps and determination finally brought us to the 3099-meter mountaintop, which we took a lot of pictures. The view was completely worth see from the top. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tony想在平时参加一些志愿者活动，但担心因此而影响学习。请你给Tony写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.你的看法；2.你的理由. 注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯. Dear Tony，

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

参

1. C 2. A 3. C

4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D

8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B

12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A

16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. B

21. A 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. as 42. their 43. to land

44. Faced 45. However 46. is offered

47. with 48. impressive 49. The 50. What

51.(1).去掉the (2).go前加to

(3).experience→ experienced (4).their→ our

(5).following→ followed (6).However→ Besides (7).time→ times

(8).Carefully→ Careful (9).which→ where (10).see→ seeing 52.略