六年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练+练习题(答案解析)

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。 这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等

2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案. 同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.

1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.” “What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!” ( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher. ( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?

A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的” ( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth? A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread ( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?

A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all. D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle. （二）、解题时有以下几种方法：

（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按\"总-分-总\"这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要\"带着问题读查短文\"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。 （四）、判断正误。

对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试题：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。

二、阅读理解

2．阅读理解阅读短文，选择正确答案。

A rich (富有的) man and a poor (穷的) musician (音乐家) lived in the same house. The rich man lived upstairs (楼上)and the poor musician lived downstairs (楼下). The musician liked to

sing. But the rich man didn't like to sing, and he liked to sleep.

One day, the rich man said to him, I'll give you a bag of money every day if (假如) you stop singing.

“Fine,” said the musician. So he stopped singing and became a rich man, too. But he wasn't happy, because he wanted to sing again.

At last (最后), the poor musician said to the rich man, “Here's your money.

Get it back. I don't want your money, and I want to sing every day.” He started to sing again and he was happy again.

（1）The rich man and the poor musician lived _____.

A. in different house B. on different floors C. in the same room （2）The rich man liked __________.

A. listening to the musician's songs B. money C. to sleep

（3）The rich man gave money to the musician because he wanted him to __________. A. stop singing B. sing for him C. be his good friend （4）Did the musician want to sing again after he had a lot of money? A. Yes, he did. B. No, he didn't. C. No, he was happy. （5）Money _______ make (使) the musician happy.

A. can B. can't C. isn't 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）A （5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：一个富人和一个穷音乐家住在同一个屋子里，富人住楼上，穷人住楼下。音乐家爱唱歌，而富人爱睡觉，不爱唱歌。一天，富人给了音乐家一袋钱，要求他不能再唱歌。音乐家虽然富裕了，但是他一点也不开心。最终把钱还给了富人并继续唱歌。

（1）句意：富人和穷音乐家居住在......。根据原文The rich man lived upstairs and the poor musician lived downstairs.可知，他们住在不同的楼层。故答案选：B.

（2）句意：富人喜欢......。根据原文But the rich man didn't like to sing, and he liked to sleep.可知，富人喜欢睡觉。故答案选：C.

（3）句意：富人给音乐家钱是因为他想......。根据原文I'll give you a bag of money every day if you stop singing.可知，他想音乐家停止唱歌。故答案选：A.

（4）句意：音乐家拿到钱之后还想唱歌吗？根据原文But he wasn't happy, because he wanted to sing again.可知，他并不高兴，因为他想唱歌。故答案选：A.

（5）句意：钱不能使音乐家快乐。根据原文But he wasn't happy, because he wanted to sing again.可知，他并不快乐。故答案为：B.

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意通读全文，了解大意，寻找关键单词。判断正确选项。

3．阅读理解，选择正确的答案。

Long, long ago there lived a king. He was very old and he had no children. So he wanted to select a new king in the country.

One day, the king asked his ministers to give all the children in the country some flower seeds and told them who can plant the most beautiful flowers will be the king.

A child named David planted the seeds and looked after them carefully. But day after day, no flowers came out from the basin. He was very disappointed.

It was time to show the most beautiful flowers. The children from all over the country came with their beautiful flowers.

The king walked in front of the children. When he saw the beautiful flowers, he was very unhappy.

Suddenly, he saw a child carrying an empty basin. He was very glad and asked the boy,” Why do you carry an empty basin? ” The boy cried and told him the truth.

The king laughed,” You are an honest boy. You will be the future king.” In fact, the seeds had been boiled.

（1）The king wanted a new king.

（2）The child with the most beautiful flowers will be the king. （3）There were no flowers in David's basin. （4）The seeds from the king can grow flowers. （5）David will be the future king. 【答案】（1）1 （2）1 （3）1 （4）0 （5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：一位没有没有孩子的老国王，为了寻找新的国王，命令大臣给孩子们发放花种，并说谁能种出最漂亮的花，谁就是新的国王。有一个叫David的小男孩儿精心种植花种，可是日复一日，却没有发芽，David非常沮丧。到了展示自己的花的时候了，所有的小朋友都端着美丽的花，可是，只有David端着一个空花盆。国王看到端着空花盆的David，并询问了情况，David把事情如实告诉了国王，最后，国王宣布David是新的国王。

（1）句意：国王想选一个新的国王。根据原文So he wanted to select a new king in the country.可知，国王想给国家找一个新的国王。故答案为：正确。

（2）句意：能培育出最漂亮的花的孩子将成为新的国王。根据原文 who can plant the most beautiful flowers will be the king.可知，谁能培育出最漂亮的花，谁就是国王。故答案为：正确。

（3）句意：在David的花盆里没有花。根据原文 he saw a child carrying an empty basin.可知，David的花盆是空的。故答案为：正确。

（4）句意：国王给的种子可以培育出花朵。根据原文the seeds had been boiled.可知，花种是煮过的，不会发芽。故答案为：错误。

（5）句意：David将成为新的国王。根据原文You will be the future king.可知，David将是未来的国王。故答案为：正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先，通读全文，结合题干意思，在原文中寻找对应的句子进行判断。

4．阅读理解选出正确的选项 Long long ago, there was a cat and a mouse. They were good friends. They lived together. One day, a cow came and said,\"Hello, my friends. There is a football game in the forest tomorrow. Do you want to join us? If you win, you'll get much food.\"

\"Really?\" The cat and the mouse were very excited. They wanted to take part in this match. So the cat said to the mouse,\"my dear, I often sleep,sleep,sleep. You get up early every day. Please call me tomorrow.\" The mouse said ,\"Sure.\"

The next day, the mouse got up. He went to the football match. But he didn't call the cat. At last, the cat was very angry with the mouse. （1） ________ were good friends.

A. The cat and the cow B. The mouse and the cow C. The cat and the mouse （2）There was a _______ game.

A. basketball B. football C. volleyball （3）________often got up early.

A. The cat B. The mouse C. The cow （4）________ went to the football match.

A. The mouse B. The cat C. The mouse and the cat （5）Did the mouse call the cat?

A. Yes B. No. C. Sorry, Idon't know 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）B （4）A （5）B

【解析】【分析】该短文讲述了很久以前猫和老鼠的故事。

（1）细节阅读，根据Long long ago, there was a cat and a mouse. They were good friends. 得知猫和老鼠是好朋友，故答案为：C。

（2）细节阅读，根据There is a football game in the forest tomorrow. 得知有一场足球赛，故答案为：B。

（3）细节阅读，根据猫对老鼠说的话You get up early every day. 得知老鼠起得早，故答案为：B。

（4）细节阅读，根据 The next day, the mouse got up. He went to the football match. 得知老鼠去了足球赛，故答案为：A。

（5）细节阅读，根据But he didn't call the cat. 得知老鼠没有叫上毛，因此做否定回答，故答案为：B。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

5．阅读理解阅读短文，匹配。 Winter is a beautiful season. My favourite season is winter. It's often snowy in many countries. And the outside is white. In winter, the days are shorter. And the nights are longer. It often gets dark very early. But I like snow, so I often go skiing(滑雪) on Sundays with my family. When it snows, everything turns white. There is thick snow on roads, streets, trees and houses. It's a beautiful world! My friends and I like making snowmen. Sometimes we play with snow. It's very interesting and exciting. ⑴Winter ________ A. shorter.

⑵The days are ________ B. like making snowmen. ⑶The nights are ________ C. is snowy. ⑷My friends and I ________ D. is interesting. ⑸Playing with snow ________ E. longer. 【答案】C；A；E；B；D

【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍“我”最喜欢的季节冬季以及在这个季节看到的和做的一些事情。。

（1）细节阅读，根据It's often snowy in many countries.得知冬天下雪，故选C。 （2）细节阅读，根据 In winter, the days are shorter. 得知冬天白天很短。故选A。 （3）细节阅读，根据And the nights are longer.得知冬天夜晚很长，故选E。

（4）细节阅读，根据My friends and I like making snowmen. 得知我和朋友喜欢堆雪人，故选B。

（5）细节阅读，根据Sometimes we play with snow. It's very interesting and exciting.得知玩雪很有趣，故选D。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

6．阅读理解读短文并按要求完成相应任务

Today was the first day of the summer holiday．My friends and I went out together．We went swimming in the swimming pool．We swam for an hour．I did not swim well，but I enjoyed it very much．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．I had a sandwich and some orange juice．Alice had a hamburger．Jack had a lot of French fries and some cola．We went shopping in a supermarket．I bought a pink dress．Alice bought a pretty hat．Jack did not buy anything． We went home at 3 o'clock in the afternoon．We 、were tired，but we were happy． （1）写出短文中6个动词的一般过去式。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ （2） The children went to：________ ①the swimming pool ②the cinema ③a fast—food restaurant ④a supermarket （3）They：________

①had breakfast together ②swam for an hour ③had lunch together ④picked apples

⑤bought some fruit ⑥went shopping

【答案】（1）was；went；swam；did；enjoyed；had （2）①③④ （3）②③⑥

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了暑假第一天，主人公和朋友一起出去玩的事情。 （1）从文章中找出was、went、swam、did、enjoyed、had， bought、were根据句子结构即可找出，选出六个即可。

（2）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．看出他们去的三个地方，故答案为：①③④。

（3）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．找到他们所干的事情，故答案为：②③⑥。

【点评】此题主要考查学生的阅读理解能力，第一题考察对动词一般过去式的掌握，第二题，第三题考察对短文的理解程度，都能在文中找到对应的短语或句子，此类题目对的答案，一定要在文章中寻找，文章中一定会有依据。