中考专题复习__代词

1、不定代词的用法

2、人称代词主格与宾格的用法

中考语法专题--代词

3、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法 4、指示代词的用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法

代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在

句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词。

一、人称代词和物主代词 人称代词 单数 主格 I you she he it 宾格 me you her him it 主格 we you they they they 复数 宾格 us you them them them 单数 形容词性 my your her his its 名词性 mine yours hers his its 物主代词 复数 形容词性 our your their their their 名词性 ours yours theirs theirs theirs 1. 人称代词主格的用法 1)作主语 I’m a student. You are a teacher. We all work very hard. 2)作表语

I think it must be he who did it.

2. 人称代词宾格的用法 1)作及物动词的宾语

Tell him\\her to call back a little later. 2)作介词宾语 I believe in you.

3)作表语 人称代词作表语时，通常要用宾格 Who is knocking at the door? It's me.

3. 使用人称代词需注意的几个问题

1)主语是并列的几个人称时，习惯顺序是单数:(2，3，1)第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。即: you,he(she) and I.复数:(1，2，3)第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。I即: we,you and they。如果做错了事，需要承担责任时，

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通常把第一人称放在最前面。

You, she and I are all interested in the story. Who broke the window?一I and Tom.

2)she通常可以用来代替国家、船只、大地、月亮等 China will always do what she has promised to do. 3)it有时也可指人(尤其是婴儿)

Look at the poor little child. It has just fallen down.

4. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法

1)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，只能做定语，修饰名词 Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box.

2)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语 (1)作主语That isn’t my car. Mine is being repaired. (2)作表语It's not your book, it's mine.

(3)作宾语You may use my umbrella. I’ll use hers.

(4)of+名词性物主代词可以做定语，相当于名词的双重所有格Is he a neighbor of yours?

二、反身代词 反身代词的形式 人 称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 反身代词的作用

1. 作宾语(及物动词或介词的宾语)表动作承受者是动作执行者自己 Let me introduce myself. Please enjoy yourself. 2. 作表语

It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon．

3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，起加强语气的作用，表亲自 The boy himself made the model plane.

4. 重要词组：help yourself请自便；by oneself单独地；for oneself 亲自，为自己；enjoy oneself过得快乐；be oneself 做自己；dress oneself 穿衣； teach oneself 自修learn. ... by oneself自学；help oneself to. ..随便吃些….吧 三、指示代词

用来指示或标示人或物的一类代词, 常用的指示代词有this, that, these, those

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单 数 myself yourself himself\\herself\\itself 复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：

This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days．

In those days the workers had a hard time．

2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.

What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．

3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词（常用语比较级中，表示同等东西的比较），常可用that或those代替Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． The population of China is larger than that of the United States. 4. this 在电话用语中介绍自己，that 询问对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?

四、相互代词(表示相互关系的代词，有each other和one another两个) 主格和宾格 each other一般指两个人或物 one another一般指两个以上的人或物 1. 作宾语

We didn't know each other at that time. We should learn from one another. 2. 作定语

They pointed each other's shortcomings.

The students corrected one another's mistakes in their homework.

五、不定代词（来替代任何不定数量或范围的人和事物词） 1. one的用法

1)指不定人称时，表人，译为：一个人、人人，其反身代词为oneself，物主代词为one’s One has to do one’s best.人人都要尽力而为

2)代替前面出现过的可数名词，以免出现重复，复数形式ones，可与冠词连用，可以有自己的定语 Please pass me the book, the one on the top shelf. 2. some, any

1)some和any都可在句中做主语、宾语和定语。Some常用在肯定句中，any常用在疑问句和否定句中 My son needs some color paper. Have you got any? 2)any用于肯定句，表示强调，意任何

Any students can ask me any questions at any time.

3)Some也可用于疑问句中，表示请求、建议或表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答 Would you like some coffee?

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所有格 each other’s 彼此的 one another’s 彼此的 3. many, much, (a) few, (a) little

many/a number of修饰可数名词，much/a great deal of修饰不可数名词 a lot of/ lots of /plenty of既修饰可数又修饰不可数

注意：many a student likes English.=many students like English. 1)用作形容词 含义 用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词 a few虽少，但有几个 a little，虽少，但有一点 few不多，几乎没有 little不多，没有什么 表示肯定 表示否定 I'm going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. He has few friends.

They had little money with them.

2)a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep)

Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) She slept very little last night.

4. another, other, others, the other, the others

1)another表别的，另一个，泛指众多中的一个，一般后面接单数名词，前不加定冠词 This book is too difficult for me. Will you please give me another one? 2)the other表示两个中的一个，常与one连用，one…the other… I have two pencils. One is red, the other is blue. 3)other+名词=others(别的)

Some are listening to the radio. Others are watching TV. 4)the other+名词=the others(其余的，相当于the rest)

Some of the students are from the north. The others(=the other students) are from the south.

5. every和each的用法，都是每一个的意思，形式上都是单数

1)every只能作定语，而each兼有形容词和名词的作用，可作主定宾和同位语

2)从数量上看，each用来指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个，而every则指三个或三个以上的人或物中的一个

3)each强调个体，every强调整体

Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. 4)each与not连用表示全部否定，every与not连用表示部分否定 Each pen is not good here.这里的每支笔都不好用。

Not every boy likes football.=Every boy doesn't like football. 不是所有的男孩都喜欢足球。

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6. both, all, neither, none, either, any 两者 三者（以上） 都 both all 任何 either any 都不 neither none none表特指概念，既可指人，也可指物，代替上文中的可数名词或不可数名词。作主语时要和of连用，其后谓语动词可用单数也可以用复数:None of us have (has) seen the film. 试比较：

Did any one of my classmates come here? 我的同班同学来过这里吗？ None. 没有（有范围）

Did any one come here? 有人来过这儿吗？ No one.没有（泛指，没有范围）

7. 复合不定代词

somebody, something, anything, nothing, everything, everybody等是由some, any, no, every, 加上body, thing, one构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody, anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。如：

Hey, Lily. There is someone outside the door. There is something important for you.

8. a lot of, lots of, a number of, large numbers of, a great deal of, plenty of

都表示大量,许多, a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式，可以相应地换为much和many；plenty of足够、大量，既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a number of, large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some, many, a lot of, plenty of. a great deal of只可修饰不可数名词(修饰的词作主语谓语用单数形式)可换为much A lot of people think that time is money.

I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time. I have a number of letters to write today.

9. none, no one, nobody

都表示没有人，仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式；none表示没有一个人，可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。 No one knows how he managed to get the ticket. Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday. None of my friends came to see me that day.

10. one,that 和it

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①one代替泛指的单数名词, 指被替代名词的同类中的一个，相当于a(an)+单数名词。它所替代的名词常有：不定冠词a(an)+形容词，this/that, any, some等修饰。ones是one的复数，反身代词是oneself，物主代词one's。 I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

②that特指前面提到的单数名词或不可数名词，相当于the+单数名词或不可数名词。that和被替代名词并非指同一事物，而是指同类事物；多用于事物的比较，避免重复。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。 ③it表示特指，代替上文提到的原文、原物，指的是同一事物

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了

2010中考代词真题汇编

（2010·福建省晋江市，35，1） --Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? -- __________is OK.I don’t care. A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

（2010·吉林省通化市，37，1）—Look ,that’s Mike,your classmate. --Yes,Let’s go and say hello to_________. A.him

B.he

C.her

D.hers

（2010·湖北省黄冈市，31，1）—Look! Do you know ______man under the tree? --Sorry .It’s too far to see ______clearly. A.this;him

B.that;his

C.this;her

D.that;him

(2010.湖南长沙22. 1)—Which of the caps will you take? --I’ll take _______,one for my father ,the other for my brother. A.neither

B.both

C.all

（2010·江苏省扬州市，5，1）—Can I have some more ice cream,Mum? --Sorry. There is _______left in the fridge. A.none

B.nothing

C.no one D.anything

（2010四川省成都市32. 1）—Excuse me .I want to buy some stamps.Where can I find a post office? --I know _______not far from here.You can easily find ________. A.that;it

B.it;one

C.one;it

（2010四川省成都市36. 1）_________of the hats suited him,so Jack had to try on the third one. A.Neither

B.Either

C.Both

（2010·湖北省荆州市，16，1）—Is the woman a teacher? —Yes. She teaches ________ English. A．you

B．us

C．our

D．your

（2010四川省成都市43. 1）—Have you got ________ready for the sports meeting? --Not yet.We still have________to do. A.anything;nothing

B.something;everything

C.everything;something

（2010·湖北省武汉市，36，1）–How many students are there in the classroom? --__________. They are all in the lab.

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A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither

（2010·河南省，22，1）To help Tommy learn better, his parents have done they could：cards,tapes，special learning centers，in short, everything they can think of． A both B all C none D neither

（2010·湖北省黄冈市，38，1）—How many students like this song? --___________of us likes it.It sounds terrible. A.None

B.Nobody

C.Every one

D.All

(2010江苏省宿迁市4. 1) —Excuse me, is this _______ new camera? —Yes, it’s _______.

A. your; my B. your; mine

C. yours; my

D. yours; mine

(2010 .河北省卷,32. 1) Emma, can you introduce to Alice? I want to meet her. A. him B. his

C. me

D. my

（2010湖南省娄底市2. 1）—How heavily it rained this early morning.—Yes. But of the students in our class was late for school. A.some B.none C. all

(2010.四川省内江市24. 1)—Oh,you’re reading a newspaper .Is there _______in it? --I don’t know. I read it just now. A.new something B.anything new

C.something new

（2010.四川省自贡市 28. 1）—Would you like to go to the concert with me tonight? --I’d love to ,but ________of us couple has tickets.Do you have some? A.both

B.neither

C.none

(2010山东省潍坊市18. 1)I’m expecting a pet dog for long,but mom has no time to buy_______for me. A.it

B.one

C.this

D.that

（2010江苏省南京市4. 1）—Is this model plane yours,Susan? --Yes,it’s mine.It’s made by_________. A.myself

B.yourself

C.himself

D.herself

(2010.江苏省无锡市.4. 1)Maybe bamboo has more uses than ______in the world. A.any plant

B.all the plants

C.other plant

D.any other plant

(2010年上海市34. 1)New Zea-land has two islands.One is North Island and ______is South Island. A.another

B.the other

C.other

D.the others

（2010·省阜康市，34，1）There are only_________new words in the passage,but I know ______of them. A.some;all

B.a few;none

C.lots of;a few

D.few;none

（2010·省阜康市，35，1）—Your tea,please.

--There must be_______in the tea.I like this kind of tea with sugar.

（2010·省阜康市，28，1）Earthquakes happen when two plates（板块）move against________other. A.both

B.all

C.each

D.every

（2010·山东省莱芜市，34，1）Whatever you do, ________ is difficult if you put your heart into it. A．nothing B．anything C．something

D．everything

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（2010·湖北省襄樊市，33，1）— Where is my notebook ?

— I don’t know . It isn’t here . Maybe _______ took it away by mistake . A. everybody

B. nobody

C. anybody

D. somebody

（2010·北京市，26，1）There is ______ wrong with this computer. It doesn’t work well. A. something B. anything

C. everything

D. nothing

（2010·辽宁省沈阳市，4，1）I forget to bring a pen．Would you lend me ____? A．one B．that

C．it

D．this

（2010·江苏省连云港市，12，1）---Would you like to have ___________ cake ? ----No, thanks. I’ve had two. That’s enough.

A.other B.others C.another D.the other

（2010·江苏省镇江市，4，1）You are in a bad mood all the afternoon. Maybe you need _____like me to cheer you up.

A. no one B. none C. someone D. everyone

（2010·湖北省宜昌市，29，1） ---Hurry, Mike! The bus is coming. ---Wait a moment, please! Let me see if there’s __________ left. A. anything else C. nothing else

B. something important D. any other things

（2010·湖北省宜昌市，31，1） ---How can I get well along with others, father? ---Try to smile to others, boy. That will make __________ much __________. A. them, easier

B. them, more easy

C. it, easy

D. it, easier

（2010·甘肃省兰州市，23，1）-When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? -_____ is OK. I’m free these days.

A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither

（2010·山东省滨州市，25，1）—Sally, could you go and help your father wash the car?

—Why ____________? I’m busy now. Amy is lying on the grass doing nothing.

B. I

C. him

D. her

A. me

（2010·四川省巴中市，39，1）The boy found______hard to get along with the other classmates. A.this B.that C.it

（2010·四川省卷，29，1）29. Several years ago, ______ people knew Sean. But now he is famous in Jinan.

A. few B. any C. many D. most

（2010·江苏省苏州市，13，1）—Why don’t we take a little break? —Didn’t we just have_________?

A．it B．that C．one D．this （2010·四川省巴中市，36，1）Come on,children! Help _____to some_____. A.yourself;meat B.yourselves;chicken C.yourselves;beefs

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