William 和Fredricka在其《阅读教学与研究》一书中列出了如下阅读策略(节选):
Specifying a purpose for reading (明确阅读目的) Planning what to do/what steps to take (计划步骤) Previewing the text (预习文本)
Predicting the contents of the text or section of text(预测文本内容) Checking predictions(确认预测)
Posing questions about the text(就文本提出问题)
Finding answers to posed questions(找到所提问题的答案)
Connecting text to background knowledge(将文本与背景知识联系) Summarizing information(总结信息) Making inferences(推断)
Connecting one part of the text to another(将文本不同部分进行联系) Paying attention to text structure(关注文本结构) Rereading(反复阅读) Evaluate (审视)
Guessing the meaning of a new word from context(根据语境猜词义) Use discourse markers to see relationships(利用对话标志性用词找关系) Checking comprehension(确认理解) Identifying difficulties(找出困难)
Taking steps to repair faulty comprehension Critiquing the author(批判作者)
Judging how well objectives were met(评价目标实现效果)
Reflecting on what has been learned from the text(反思所学内容)