SAP系统管理事务码

The following transaction codes are very useful for SAP system administrators or SAP Basis consultants in daily work.

AL01 SAP Alert Monitor

AL02 Database alert monitor

AL03 Operating system alert monitor AL04 Monitor call distribution AL05 Monitor current workload

AL06 Performance: Upload/Download AL07 EarlyWatch Report AL08 Users Logged On

AL09 Data for database expertise AL10 Download to Early Watch AL11 Display SAP Directories

AL12 Display table buffer (Exp. session)

AL13 Display Shared Memory (Expert mode) AL15 Customize SAPOSCOL destination AL16 Local Alert Monitor for Operat.Syst. AL17 Remote Alert Monitor for Operat. Syst. AL18 Local File System Monitor AL19 Remote File System Monitor AL20 EarlyWatch Data Collector List AL21 ABAP Program analysis AL22 Dependent objects display CREF Cross-reference BD

BSVW Linkage Status Update-Workflow Event CMOD Enhancements

DB01 Analyze exclusive lock waits DB02 Analyze tables and indexes DB03 Parameter changes in database DB11 Early Watch Profile Maintenance DB12 Overview of Backup Logs

DB13 Database administration calendar DB14 Show SAPDBA Action Logs

DB15 Data Archiving: Database Tables DB16 DB System Check: Monitor

DB17 DB System Check: Configuration DMIG Start Transaction for Data Migration DB2 Select Database Activities

DB20 DB Cost-Based Optimizer: Tab. Stats DB21 DB Cost-Based Optimizer: Config. DB24 Database Operations Monitor

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DB26 DB Profile:Monitor and Configuration DB2J Manage JCL jobs for OS/390

DBCO Database Connection Maintenance FILE Cross-Client File Names/Paths

NACE WFMC: Initial Customizing Screen OAA1 SAP ArchiveLink: Maint.user st.syst OAA3 SAP ArchiveLink protocols

OAA4 SAP ArchiveLink applic.maintenance OAAD ArchiveLink Administration Documents OAC2 SAP ArchiveLink: Globaldoc. types OAC5 SAP ArchiveLink: Bar code entry

OACA SAP ArchiveLink workflow parameters OAD0 SAP ArchiveLink: Objectlinks

OAD2 SAP ArchiveLink document classes OAD3 SAP ArchiveLink: Link tables OAD4 SAP ArchiveLink: Bar code types OAD5 SAP ArchiveLink: Customizing Wizard OADR SAP ArchiveLink: Print list search OAM1 SAP ArchiveLink: Monitoring

OAOR SAP ArchiveLink: Storeddocuments OARE SAP ArchiveLink:St.syst.return codes OS01 LAN check with ping OS03 O/S Parameter changes OS04 Local System Configuration OS05 Remote System Cconfiguration OS06 Local Operating System Activity OS07 Remote Operating SystemActivity OSS1 Logon to Online ServiceSystem OY18 Table history

OY08 Development Class Overview PFCG Activity Group

PFUD Authorization Profile comparison RLOG Data migration logging RZ01 Job Scheduling Monitor

RZ02 Network Graphics for SAP Instances RZ03 Presentation, Control SAP Instances RZ04 Maintain SAP Instances

RZ06 Alerts Thresholds Maintenance RZ08 SAP Alert Monitor

RZ10 Maintenance of profile parameters RZ11 Profile parameter maintenance

RZ12 Maintain RFC Server Group Assignment RZ20 CCMS Monitoring

RZ21 Customize CCMS Alert Monitor

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SA38 ABAP/4 Reporting

SAD0 Address Management call

SADC Address: Maint. communication types SALE Display ALE Customizing SAINT Plug-in Installation

SARI Archive Information System SAR3 Customizing Archiving SAR4 Define Archiving Class SAR5 Assign Archiving Class SAR6 Archiving Time Generator SARA Archive management

SARL Call of ArchiveLink Monitor

SARP Reporting (Tree Structure): Execute SART Display Reporting Tree

SB01 Business Navigator - Component View SB02 Business Navigator - Process flow vw SBAS Assignments to Process Model Elemts SC38 Start Report Immediately SCAT Computer Aided Test Tool SCC0 Client Copy

SCC1 Client Copy - Special Selections SCC2 Client transport SCC3 Client Copy Log

SCC4 Client administration SCC5 Client Delete SCC6 Client Import

SCC7 Client Import – Post Processing SCC8 Client Export

SCC9 Remote Client Copy SCCL Local Client Copy

SCDO Display Change DocumentObjects SCMP View / Table Comparison SCOM SAPcomm: Configuration SCON SAPconnect - Administration SCPF Generate enterprise IMG

SCPR1 Customizing Profiles : Maintenance Tool SCPR2 Comparing Customizing profiles

SCUA Central User Administration : Distribution Model Assigment SCUG Central User Administration Structure Display SCUL

SCUM Central User Administration Field Selection SCU0 Table Analyses And Comparison SCU1 Table Comparison - Export to Tape SCU2 Table Comparison Against Tape

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SCU3 Table History SD11 Data Modeler

SDBE Explain an SQL Statement SECR Audit Information System

SE01 Transport and Correction System SE02 Environment Analyzer SE03 Transport Utilities

SE06 Set up Workbench Organizer SE07 Transport System Status Display

SE09 Workbench Organizer (Initial Screen) SE10 Customizing Organizer

SE11 Data Dictionary Maintenance SE12 Data Dictionary Display

SE13 Maintain Technical Settings (Tables)

SE14 Convert Data Dictionary tables on Database Level SE15 Repository Info System SE16 Display Table Content SE17 Generate Table Display

SE30 ABAP Objects Runtime Analysis SE32 ABAP Text Element Maintenance SE33 Context Builder

SE35 ABAP/4 Dialog Modules SE36 Logical databases

SE37 ABAP Function Modules SE38 ABAP Editor

SE39 Splitscreen Editor: Program Compare SE40 MP: Standards Maint. and Translation SE41 Menu Painter

SE43 Maintain Area Menu SE51 Screen Painter

SE52 Parameterized screenpainter call SE54 Generate table view

SE55 Internal table view maintenance call SE56 internal call: display table view SE57 internal delete table view call SE61 R/3 Documentation SE62 Industry Utilities

SE63 Translation: Initial Screen SE71 SAPscript form SE72 SAPscript Styles

SE73 SAPscript font maintenance (revised) SE74 SAPscript format conversion SE75 SAPscript Settings

SE76 SAPscript: Form Translation

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SE77 SAPscript Translation Styles

SE78 SAPscript: Graphics administration SE80 Object Navigator SE81 Application Hierarchy SE82 Application Hierarchy

SE84 R/3 Repository Information System SE85 ABAP/4 Repository Information System SE86 ABAP Repository Information System SE88 Development Coordination Info System SE Maintain Trees in Information System SE91 Maintain Messages

SE92 New SysLog Msg Maintenance as of 46A SE93 Maintain Transaction Codes

SE94 Customer enhancement simulation SE95 Modification Browser

SEPS SAP Electronic Parcel Service SERP Reporting: Change Tree Structure SEU Repository Browser

SF01 Client-Specific File Names SFAW Field Selection Maintenance SIAC1 Web Object Administration SHDB Record Batch Input SICK Installation Check SIN1 SAPBPT: Inbox

SINA SAPBPT: Maintain Standard Config. SLG0 Application Log: ObjectMaintenance SLIN ABAP: Extended Program Check SM01 Lock Transactions SM02 System Messages SM04 User Overview

SM12 Display and Delete Locks SM13 Display Update Records

SM14 Update Program Administration SM21 System log

SM23 System Log Analysis SM28 Installation Check

SM29 Model Transfer for Tables SM30 Call Up View Maintenance SM31 Table maintenance

SM31_OLD Old Table Maintenance SM32 Maintain Table Parameter ID TAB SM33 Display Table ParameterID TAB SM34 Viewcluster maintenancecall SM35 Batch Input Monitoring

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SM36 Batch request

SM37 Background job overview

SM38 Queue Maintenance Transaction SM39 Job analysis

SM49 Execute Logical Commands SM50 Work Process Overview SM51 List of SAP Servers SM54 TXCOM maintenance SM55 THOST maintenance SM56 Number Range Buffer

SM58 Asynchronous RFC Error Log

SM59 RFC Destinations (Display/Maintain) SM60 Borrow/Return Objects SM61 SM62

SM63 Display/Maintain Operating Mode Sets SM Release of an event

SM65 Background Processing Analysis Tool SM66 System-wide Work Process Overview SM67 Job scheduling SM68 Job administration

SM69 Display/Maintain Logical Commands SMEN Dynamic menu SMGW Gateway Monitor SMLG Maintain Logon Group SMLI Language import utility SMLT Language transport utility

SMOD SAP Enhancement Management SMT1 Trusted Systems (Display <-> Maint.) SMT2 Trusting systems (Display <->Maint.) SMW0 SAP Web Repository SMX Display Own Jobs

SNRO Number Range Objects SO02 SAPoffice: Outbox

SO03 SAPoffice: Private Folders SO04 SAPoffice: Shared Folders SO05 SAPoffice: Private Trash

SO06 SAPoffice: Substitutionon/off SO07 SAPoffice: Resubmission SO10 SAPscript: Standard Texts SO12 SAPoffice: User Master SO13 SAPoffice: Substitute

SO15 SAPoffice: DistributionLists SO16 SAPoffice: Profile

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SO17 SAPoffice: Delete Shared Trash SO18 SAPoffice: Shared Trash

SO19 SAPoffice: Default Documents SO21 Maintain PC Work Directory SO22 SAPoffice: Delete PC Temp. Files SO23 SAPoffice: DistributionLists

SO24 SAPoffice: Maintenance of default PC SO28 Maintain SOGR SO30 SAPoffice: Reorg. SO31 Reorganization (daily)

SO36 Create Automatic Forwarding SO38 SAPoffice: Synchr. of Folder Auths. SO40 SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet MAIL SO41 SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet TELEFAX SO42 SAPoffice: Cust.Layout Set TELEFAX_K SO43 SAPoffice: Cust.Layout Set TELEFAX_M SO44 SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet TELEX SO70 Hypertext: Display/Maint. Structure SO71 Test plan management

SO72 Maintain Hypertext Module SO73 Import graphic into SAPfind

SO80 SAPfind: Free Text Retrieval Dialog SO81 SAPfind: Free Text Indexing (Test) SO82 SAPfind: Free Text Retrieval Batch SO95 Pregenerated Search Queries - Selec. SO99 Put Information System

SOA0 ArchiveLink Workflow document types SOBJ Attribute Maintenance Objects SOLE OLE Applications SOLI Load OLE type info

SOPE Exclude Document Classes

SOTD SAPoffice: Maintain Object Types SOY1 SAPoffice: Mass Maint. Users SOY2 SAPoffice: Statistics data collect. SOY3 SAPoffice: Statistics Evaluation SOY4 SAPoffice: Access overview SOY5 SAPoffice: Inbox overview SOY6 SAPoffice: Document overview SOY7 SAPoffice: Folder overview SOY8 SAPoffice: Mass Archiving SOY9 SAPoffice: Inbox Reorg.

SOYA SAPoffice: Change folder owner SP00 Spool and Relate Area SP01 Spool Control

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SP02 Display output Requests SP03 Spool: Load Formats SP11 TemSe Contents

SP12 TemSe Administration SPAD Spool Management

SPAM SAP Patch Manager (SPAM) SPAU Display Modified DE Objects SPCC Spool Consistency check

SPDD Display Modified DDIC objects SPHA Telephony administration SPIC Spool : Installation Check SPRM Current Customizing SPRO Customizing

SQ01 SAP Query: Maintain queries SQ02 SAP Query: Maintain funct. areas SQ03 SAP Query: Maintain user groups SQ07 SAP Query: Language comparison SQVI QuickViewer

SSAA System Administration Assistant SSCA Appointment Diary: Administration SRZL CCMS

SSM1 Session Manager generation call SSM5 Create Activity Group ST01 System Trace

ST02 Setups/Tune Buffers

ST03 Performance, SAP Statistics, Workload ST04 Select activity of the databases ST05 SQL Trace

ST06 Operating System Monitor ST07 Application monitor ST08 Network Monitor

ST09 Network Alert Monitor ST10 Table Call Statistics

ST11 Display Developer Traces ST12 Application Monitor ST14 Application Analysis

ST22 ABAP Runtime Error Analysis ST22 ABAP/4 Runtime Error Analysis ST62 Create industry short texts STAT Local transaction statistics

STMS Transport Management System STUN Performance Monitoring STW1 Test Workbench: Test catalog STW2 Test workbench: Test plan

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STW3 Test workbench: Test package STW4 Test Workbench: Edit test package STW5 C maintenance table TTPLA STZAC Maintain time zone act.in client STZAD Disp.time zone activat.in client SUMM Global User Manager SU01 Maintain User SU01D Display users

SU02 Maintain Authorization Profiles SU03 Maintain Authorizations SU05 Maintain Internet Users

SU10 Mass changes to User Master SU11 Maintain Authorizations

SU12 Mass Changes to User Master Records SU2 Maintain User Parameter SU20 Maintain Authorization Fields SU21 Maintain Authorization Objects SU22 Auth. object usage in transactions SU24 Disables Authorization Checks

SU25 Imports SAP Check Indicators defaults SU26 Adjust Authorization checks SU30 Total checks in the area of auth. SU52 Maintain own user parameters SU53 Display check values SU54 List for Session Manager SU56 Analyze User Buffer

SUPC Profiles for activity groups SUPF Integrated User Maintenance SUPO Maintain Organization Levels SUIM Repository Info System SWDC Workflow Definition SXDA Data Transfer Workbench TU02 Display Active Parameters USMM Customer measurement

补充中文资料：

一,SAP系统管理相关事务代码

1. SM51 SAP Servers System Monitoring 2. SM21 SAP系统日志

3. SRZL SAP计算机中心管理系统(CCMS) 建议初学者重点学习. 4. RZ20 Alert Monitor. 工作负载报警监视器.(CCMS下的)

5. ST06 Operating System Monitor,用于分析整个SAP技术栈的性能.

6. ST03N Workload Moniter,负载监视器,用于钻取在线及批量负载,\"最常用的40个\"事务,峰值负载细节及某一时间内执行的事务.

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7. SSAA 用于执行常规的日,周和月的系统管理功能.

8. SMLG 用于监控SAP登录负载运行是否均衡;用F5可以钻取面向特定用户组的性能数据.

9. AL08 用于检查登录到某个SAP应用服务器上的最终用户及显示他们正在执行的事务. 10. ST07 用于检查登录到整个系统的最终用户,系统用户可根据功能区域分类(如SAP ECC,FI,MM,PM,PS,SD等).

11. SM66 用于查看SAP系统中与每个应用程序及批处理服务器的进程执行相关的系统级别的性能.

12. ST22 用于查看ABAP dump,这样就可以鉴定程序错误.这有助于将这类问题反馈给到相关部门或开发组.

附: SAP Online Help.http://help.sap.com 二,性能管理相关的CCMS事务

(1)用户和应用服务器分布 ST07及AL08

ST07可以让你看到包括所有的应用服务器在内的整个系统中有多少用户登录进来.还可以根据功能分区来将数字拆分细化,还可查看历史数据.

AL08可以显示已登录终端用户总数,可根据用户登录的应用服务器进行划分,因此可对某个系统的应用服务器负载均衡情况进行分析.可显示每个终端用户在执行的事务,从而可以实时地对系统负载类型进行分析. (2)管理负载均衡 SMLG

可用来查看某种登录负载均衡机制的工作情况.此事务可用于设置登录组,还可以监视每个登录组的性能.按F5可查看每个登录组的响应时统计数据.(SMLG可补充AL08的功能,显示所登录的用户数量,显示每个登录组的响应时.) (3)数据库概述与性能 DB02及ST04

DB02可跟踪数据库如何随着时间的增长而增长,也可跟踪索引的数量以及它们的大小,数量和历史发展趋势.

ST04(Database Performance Analysis)数据库性能分析事务,它可以实时地分析缓存命中率,逻辑读对物理读的对比,关键\"缓冲区繁忙等待(Buffer Busy Waits)\"值,以及更多其它信息.

注意,如果需要确定最近某一种变动对数据库性能的影响,这些实时数据的统计数据是可以复位的.借助Detail Analysis Menu(详细分析菜单),你可根据特定SQL需求或表的访问来深入到整个活动,异常事件,资源消耗量以及更多的历史数据当中. (4)升级,锁定和磁盘子系统性能 SM12及SM13

如果想要知道升级的应用情况是\"提交\"到数据库的情况是否存在锁定项(lock entry)的话,要通过SM12(数据锁定项,Database Lock Entries及SM13(管理员更新记录,Administrator Update Records)来完成.

用SM12来浏览与某个数据库表,用户或客户相关的锁定项. 用SM13来跟踪和监测实时的数据升级. (5)内存管理和优化统计 ST02

优化统计(Tune Summary),能够实时查看每个SAP应用服务器的内存及多个缓冲区的运行情况.就某个负载而言,如果缓冲区没有正确配置或是未被优化,那么在Swaps列就会显示出缓冲区的值越积越大,并用红色高亮显示出来,这就我们就很容易鉴别出问题所在的区域. ST02不仅可以管理缓存,还可跟踪每台应用服务器的内存使用情况.要特别注意当前扩展内存的使用率(与高峰时期相比).同样,要经常检查堆内存(heap memory)的使用是否已最小化.

堆内存是特定于工作过程的.当程序使用工作过程的共享内存时,它必须采用维护内

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存的PRIV模式.此时,正在执行的程序是无法切换到另一个工作过程的,它会被一直阻塞直到程序执行结束.程序结束后,系统会重启动工作过程,一切又恢复正常(程序在何处进出内存要视SAP系统的需要而定).

(6)响应时和负载性能 ST03及ST03N

监视自身的负荷是性能管理中最重要的一个组成部分.ST03及ST03N就可以执行负载监控器(workload monitor).它既可以为你显示总体工作负荷的情况,也可以根据对话,批处理,升级和其他任务类型来分拆显示.点击Transication Profile按钮就可以根据响应时对每种类型的结果进行排序.这里,你可以分析哪些工作消耗最多的数据库时间(DB请求时间),CPU时间和其它核心组件的响应时间的事务程序.你还可以查看不同的时间段内的合计值,时间段可以从15分钟到1个月.查看并跟踪每天每小时处理的总的对话数,这样就你可以了解一天内每个小时的工作负荷情况.

此外,ST03N还能跟踪数据的直接读取,序列读取和变更(数据库更新或提交).此外,它还可以获得每个事务请求的平均字节数.这样就可以确定某个系统当前支持的磁盘负荷.

除了纯粹的响应时指标之外,ST03的\"Time Pfofile\"和\"Transaction Profile\"按钮还支持量化某个特定时间段内的系统负荷,或是根据特定工作负荷来确定哪些事务是最常用的,从而产生了哪些相关硬件的负荷.

事务ST03G使你可以查看并分析与外部系统相关的负荷,以及对跨多个系统的业务过程的系统性能分析.这是对ST03一个强有力的补充.

一般来说,数据库正常运行时,应该符合以下几个参数值:

(1)Data Buffer Quality至少为94%.在系统重启后,Buffer值一般不能立即读入,此时Qulity值也很低,所以通过等到Reads超过20 000 000以后,才来计算Qulity的值. (2)Time/user call<20ms (3)SQL area pinratio>97%.

(7)OS监控器 ST06

OS Monitor(ST06)是另一个可以显示大量实时性能数据的SAP事务.它包括了根据用户,系统和空闲时间来进行排序的CPU利用率,CPU进程队列(也称为CPU负荷计数).

内存OS监控还支持检查短期历史数据;点击\"Datail Analysis Menu,详细分析茶单\"就可以访问到根据主硬件子系统及应用服务器划分的历史数据信息.

有了这些历史数据,你就可以将在OS和数据库那里所收集到的磁盘性能指标以SAP可见的方式进行管理.你还可以查看过去24小时中每小时CPU的负载情况,这样容易确定负载峰值,还可监视并分析CPU的吞吐性能(如执行SP03N来查看某一段特定时间内的对话数量).同样,深入SAP性能数据库也使得从OS监控器那里获取其他通用服务器或某一具体服务器的性能分析变得容易起来.你可以将这些数字与你通过基于硬件或OS的性能工具那里收集到的结果进行比较或是关联.

OS监控器或事务ST06即提供了实时的性能快照也可以对历史数据进行访问.

通过它可以综合分析出CPU,交换空间,以及内存的使用率,总结出操作系统的性能. (8)监视活动工作过程 SM50和SM66

它们都可以查看系统中工作过程的活动情况.SM50显示了特定应用服务器(实际上是你现在登录的那台)所配置的全部工作过程,而SM66则显示了所有应用服务器上的全部活动工作过程.特别是SM66,它可以获取某台服务器平台上的活动用户或对话的数量;一般来讲,平台的速度越快,某段时间内的活动过程就越少.

SM50:工作进程管理,一个应用服务器一般有DIA,UPD,ENQ,BTC,SPO五种类型的工作进程.

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DIA:为前台工作进程,一个instance至少要有两个DIA,否则根本起不来. UPD,UPD2是立即更新进程(有些系统中为VB1,VB2进程),其中UPD 附:

%pc可协助我们将原始SAP GUI输出加载到EXCEL中(其它多种格式也可以). 三,其它

1. SU01:用户维护.

2. SM04:显示系统中当前活动用户. AL08可以将一个系统中多台服务器的用户都统计在一起.

3. SU10:用户主记录大量修改,可根据'地址数据'或'权限数据'. 4. SU22:事务中权限对象的用法. 5. SU53:显示权限数据. 6. SUIM:用户信息系统.

7. ST01:系统轨迹,通常用于记录系统内部的活动. 8. ST04:数据库性能分析.

9. RZ10:维护系统的参数文件.

10. RZ11:显示系统参数文件的参数属性. 11. SM36:定义后台作业. 12. SM37:作业选择概览.

13. SE01/SE09/SE10:传输组织者. 14. SM59:RFC目的(显示和维护)

15. SPAM:支持包管理.(SAP系统支持包的更新会明显的提高系统性能.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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