剑4-8阅读必备词汇

1. education 教育 2. aspect 方面

3. community 社区、社会 4. reflect 反映、表现 5. attitude 态度、看法

6. unspoken 未说出口的、没人理睬的 7. belief 信仰、信念 8. custom 风俗 9. curriculum 课程

10. assessment 评价、评估 11. expectation 期待、期望 12. behave 做出行为-动词 13. behavior 行为 14. rule 准则、规章 15. cover 覆盖、包含 16. duty 职责、义务 17. conduct 行为、操行 18. virtuous 有道德的

19. proper 适当的、有礼貌的 20. manner 礼貌 21. marry 结婚 22. company 陪伴 23. permit 允许、许可 24. dye 染

25. loiter 闲逛、虚度 26. function 功能、典礼 27. church 教堂

28. regularly 有规律地、有规则地 29. alcohol 酒精、酒 30. Bible《圣经》

31. country school 乡村学校 32. coal 煤 33. bucket 桶

34. sweep 打扫、清扫 35. tidy 整齐的、整洁的 36. despite 虽然、尽管 37. stipulate 规定、保证 38. content 内容 39. arithmetic 算术 40. Christianity 教

41. literacy 有文化、有读写能力 42. religious 宗教上的

43. corporal 身体的、肉体的（同义词：physical） 44. stick 棍子 45. strap 皮带

46. naughty 调皮的、顽皮的

47. unruly 不守规矩的、不受约束的 48. schooling 学校教育 49. engage 从事

50. caretaking 关心、照料

DAY 2

1. nevertheless 然而、不过 2. creatively 具有创造性地 3. stimulate 刺激、激励 4. strict 严格的、严谨的 5. protocol草案、协议 6. illegal 非法的、违法的 7. hit 打、打击

8. dismiss 开除、解雇

9. instantly 马上、立刻（同义词：quickly, rapidly, immediately） 10. secular 现世的、非宗教的

11. acceptable 可以接受的、合意的 12. appropriate 适当的

13. sophistication 混合、混乱 14. workplace 工作场所、车间 15. career 职业

16. expand 膨胀、发展 17. challenge 挑战 18. diverse 不同的 19. researcher 研究者 20. cleaner 清洁员 21. societal 社会的 22. fill 填充、填补

23. smack 用掌拍打/击打 24. silence 静、安静 25. method 方法 26. influence 影响

27. discipline 学科、纪律 28. participate 参加、参与 29. achievement 成就 30. similar 相似的 31. lifestyle 生活方式

32. ownership 所有权、拥有权

33. diverse 不同的（同义词：different, various, a variety of, varied, a range of） 34. pupil 小学生 35. consider 考虑 36. length 长度 37. topic 主题

38. inflexible 不灵活的、不能融通的 39. arrangement 安排 40. loose 宽松的、自由的 41. cactus 仙人掌

42. relate 有联系、有关系

43. dry 干燥的（反义词：humid 湿润的、wet 潮湿的） 44. sandy 沙的、沙质的 45. rocky 多岩石的 46. desert 沙漠 47. distance 距离

48. tall 高的（反义词：short矮的） 49. across 横向的

50. traditional 传统的（同义词：conventional, conservative, orthodox）

DAY 3

1. hunter 猎人

2. harsh 荒无人烟的

3. material 材料、原料、物资

4. possessions 财产（动词形式：possess 拥有、占有、持有） 5. unemployment 失业 6. poverty 贫穷、贫困 7. alcoholism 酗酒 8. tribe 部落、部族

9. disappear 消失、不见 10. lifestyle 生活方式

11. attractive 具有吸引力的 12. outsider 外界的人 13. crop 农作物、庄稼

14. originate 起源、来自（衍生词：origin 起因、原有、起源-名词，original 最初的、

原始的、独创的-形容词） 15. staple 主要的 16. garlic 大蒜 17. ginger 生姜 18. headache 头痛 19. toothache 牙痛

20. magnolia 玉兰类植物 21. cancer 癌症 22. cure 治愈 23. disease 疾病

24. hunger 饥饿、渴望 25. famine 饥荒

26. starving 饥饿（但形容饥饿的程度比较深，都快要饿死了） 27. survive 生存、存活 28. strength 力量、力气 29. energy 能量、活力

30. normal 正常的、常态的

31. chemical 化学的；化学制品、化学药品 32. scientist 科学家（衍生词：science 科学）

33. discover 发现、发觉（衍生词：discovery 发现）

34. contain 包含、包括（同义词：involve, include, consist of） 35. substance 物质 36. stomach 胃、胃部 37. brain 大脑 38. heart 心脏 39. lung 肺部 40. kidney 肾

41. full 满的（反义词：empty 空的） 42. pharmaceutical 制药的

43. promising 有希望的、有前途的 44. obesity 肥胖 45. adult 成年人

46. estimate 估计、评估 47. overweight 超重的 48. obese 肥胖的

49. simple 简单的、朴素的

50. nourishing 有营养的 DAY 4

1. afford 负担、承担 2. expensive 昂贵的 3. fatty 富含脂肪的 4. slim 苗条的、纤细的 5. healthy 健康的

6. descendant 子孙、后代

7. ready-made 现成的、做好的 8. convenient 便利的、便捷的 9. taste 味道

10. fat 脂肪；肥的、胖的 11. salt 盐

12. solution 解决办法、解决方案 13. ideal 理想的

14. right 权利；正确的 15. secret 秘密；秘密的 16. profit 利润 17. herd 放牧 18. cow 奶牛 19. diet 食物

20. majority 主要、多数（反义词：minority 少数） 21. scarce 匮乏的、稀缺的 22. sort 种类、类别 23. compare 比较 24. desire 渴望

25. overcome 克服、解决 26. ancient 古代的、远古的 27. major 主要的 28. issue 问题

29. appear 出现、看来

30. financial 财政的、金融的 31. spread 传播、蔓延、伸展 32. supply 供给、供应 33. addiction 沉溺、上瘾

34. widespread 分布广泛的、普遍的 35. cruel 残忍的、残酷的 36. unkind 不仁慈的、无情的 37. alive 活着的 38. prickly 多刺的 39. solid 固体 40. powder 粉末

41. maintain 维持、继续 42. drought 干旱

43. tongue 舌头、说话方式

44. well-known 众所周知的、有名的

45. advertisement 广告（衍生词：advertise 做广告、登广告-动词；advertiser 登广

告者、广告客户-名词；advertising 广告业、广告-动名词） 46. main 主要的、重要的 47. aim 目的、目标

48. honest （反义词：dishonest 不忠实的、不诚实的-形容词） rarely 很少地、罕见

地（衍生词：rare 稀罕的、杰出的） 49. puffery 鼓吹、吹捧 50. worldwide 全世界的 DAY 5

1. statement （衍生词：state ） 2. term 学期、条款、术语 3. develop 发展

4. exaggerate 夸张、夸大 5. claim 声称、主张

6. legal 合法的（反义词：illegal 违法的、非法的-形容词） 7. prove 证明、证实 8. licence 执照、许可证 9. lie 说谎

10. vague 含糊的、暧昧的 11. class 把…分类、把…分等级

12. option 选择（衍生词：choice） 13. expression 表达

14. salesperson 售货员、销售员（同义词：seller）

15. evaluation 评价、估计（衍生词：evaluate 评价、评估-动词）

16. product 产品、产物（衍生词：produce 产物、农产品，生产、制造-名词、动词，

production 生产、产品） 17. objective 客观的 18. subjective主观的

19. identify 识别、鉴别（衍生词：identity 身份、特性-名词，identification 辨认、鉴

定，identifiable 可以识别的、可以鉴别的-形容词，identifiably 可以识别地、可以鉴别地-副词）

20. document 文件、文档（衍生词：documentary 文件的，纪录片-形容词，名词） 21. notion 观念、想法（衍生词：note 注意、记录-名词） 22. caveat 警告、告诫

23. transaction 交易（衍生词：transact 交易、处理-动词） 24. initially 最初、开头（衍生词：initial 最初的、初始的） 25. property 财产、特征

26. deal 交易、生意（衍生词：dealer 生意人） 27. Latin 拉丁语、拉丁语的

28. basically 基本上、主要地（衍生词：basic 基本的-形容词，basis 基础、基本-名词） 29. mean 意思是、意谓

30. responsibility 责任、职责（衍生词：response 响应、反应-名词，respond 回答、

响应-动词，responsible 有责任的、负责的-形容词） 31. check 检查、核对

32. payment 报酬、支付（衍生词：pay 支付、给予-名词，payable 可支付的-形容词） 33. defect 过失、缺点（衍生词：defective 有缺陷的）

34. deliberately 蓄意地、故意地（衍生词：deliberate 深思熟虑的、故意的） 35. conceal 隐藏、隐蔽（衍生词：concealment 隐藏、隐蔽-名词） 36. policy 、方针 37. proof 证据、校对 38. affect 影响

39. competitor 竞争对手、竞争者（衍生词：compete 竞争、比赛-动词，competition

竞争、比赛-名词）

40. statistics 统计学 （衍生词：statistic, statistical 统计的、统计学的-形容词）

41. run 运转、运行（同义词：manage, operate）

42. investigate 调查、研究（衍生词：investigation 调查、研究-名词，investigator 调

查人-名词） 43. insurance 保险

44. finance 金融、财政（衍生词：financial 财政的、金融的） 45. service 服务

46. therefore 因此、所以（衍生词：so, thus）

47. careful 小心的、仔细的（衍生词：care 关心、顾虑-动词） 48. factual 事实的、实际的（衍生词：fact 事实、实情-名词） 49. assertion 主张、断言（衍生词：assert 声称、断言-动词） 50. regarding 关于 DAY 6

1. quality 品质、质量 2. goods 货物、物品 3. oversee 监视、检查 4. validity 有效性

5. council 理事会、委员会 6. authority 权威、权利 7. overstep 踏过、越过 8. limit 极限、限度 9. raise 提出

10. generate 产生（衍生词：generation 产生、一代-名词）

11. strategy 战略、策略（衍生词：strategic, strategically 战略的、策略的-形容词） 12. superlative 最高的

13. various 不容的、多种多样的（衍生词：variety 品种、种类，vary 改变、变更-动词） 14. specific 具体的（衍生词：specifically 具体地、明确地-副词，specification 详述、

规范-名词）

15. concern 关心、关注

16. mislead 误导（衍生词：lead 引导-动词） 17. false 错误的

18. prevent 阻止、预防（衍生词：preventable 可以预防的、可以阻止的-形容词） 19. understandably 可以理解地（衍生词：understand 理解-动词，understandable 可

以理解的-形容词）

20. object 反对、（同义词：refuse, refute, argue against）

21. untruthful 不真实的、虚伪的（衍生词：truth 事实、真理-名词，true 真实的、真

正的-形容词，truthful 诚实的-形容词）

22. unfair 不公平的（衍生词：fair 公平的-形容词）

23. advantage 优势、优点（反义词：disadvantage 略势、缺点-名词） 24. court 、法庭、球场

25. clarify 澄清、阐明（衍生词：clarification 澄清-名词） 26. boundary 边界、分界线

27. acceptable 可以接受的（衍生词：accept 接受-名词） 28. best-loved 最喜爱的

29. favorite 喜欢的人、物或事情 30. brand 牌子 31. make 品牌

32. similarly 相似地、相似的是（衍生词：similar 相似的-形容词） 33. expect 期待、期望（衍生词：expectation 期望、期待-名词） 34. expectable 预料中的-形容词， 35. unexpectable 无法预料的-形容词

36. boast 自夸

37. consider 考虑、照顾

38. considerate 考虑周到的-形容词，

39. considerable 值得考虑的，相当多的-形容词， 40. consideration 考虑-名词 41. deceptive 带有欺骗性的 42. deception欺骗-名词 43. primary 初级的、主要的 44. inform 告知

45. monitor 监督、监管 46. ensure 确保、保证 47. argue 争论、辩论

48. technique 技术、技巧、手段

49. technical 技术的、技巧的-形容词， 50. technician 技师、技术员 DAY 7

1. otherwise 另外、否则

2. unnoticed 被忽视的、未被注意到的 3. notice 注意、观察-动词，

4. noticeable 显而易见的-形容词， 5. unnoticeable 不明显的-形容词 6. crowded 拥挤的、塞满的 7. crowd 拥挤、塞满-动词 8. aspect 方面

9. relatively 相对地

10. relative 相关的、相对的-形容词， 11. relate 联系-动词 12. harmless 无害的

13. harm 损害、伤害-名词，

14. harmful 有害的、伤害的-形容词 15. integral 完整的、整体的

16. integrate 整合、结合-动词， 17. integration 联合、结合-名词 18. detect 发觉、探测

19. detective 察觉的、侦探的-形容词 20. delight 高兴、欣喜

21. delightful 高兴的、欣喜的、令人愉快的-形容词 22. discount 折扣 23. fee 费、费用

24. description 描述、记叙 25. describe 描述、记叙-动词 26. discussion 讨论 27. discuss 讨论-动词 28. issue 问题

29. comparison 比较

30. compare 比较、对比-动词 31. contrast 对照、对比 32. guilty 内疚的、有罪的 33. guilt 内疚、罪行-名词 34. summary 总结

35. summarize 总结 36. definition 定义 37. define 下定义-动词 38. determine 决定、确定

39. determination 决定、确定-名词 40. chainsaw 链锯

41. recent 最近的、近期的

42. recently 最近地、近期地-副词 43. reality 现实

44. realistic 现实的-形容词 45. realization 意识

46. realize 意识、了解到-动词 47. detailed 详尽的、详细的 48. detail 细节、详情-名词 49. gasoline 汽油 同义词 50. petrol 汽油 DAY 8

1. own拥有

2. owner 拥有者

3. advantage 优势、优点 4. disadvantage 缺点 5. mobility 灵活机动性 6. specific 具体的

7. specify 详述、说明-动词， 8. specification 详述、规范-名词 9. vital 生死攸关的、重大的 10. affair 事物、事件

11. automobile 汽车（同义词：car, vehicle） 12. relationship 关系、关联 13. love-hate 爱恨的 14. cherish 珍爱、怀抱 15. undeniably 不可否认的

16. convenient （衍生词：convenience） 17. industry 工业、产业、行业

18. commerce 商业（衍生词：commercial 商业的-形容词） 19. prosper （衍生词：prosperous） 20. unfortunately 不幸地

21. fortune 运气、命运-名词，

22. fortunate 幸运的、幸福的-形容词， 23. fortunately 幸运地、幸福地-副词 24. downside 负面、缺点 25. upside 正面、优点 26. pollution 污染 27. manufacture 制造

28. manufacturer 制造商-名词， 29. manufacturing 制造业-名词

30. purpose-build 依某种目的而建造 31. factory 工厂（同义词：plant, mill） 32. entrepreneur 企业家 33. launch 投放、开发、发起

34. admirable 值得赞美的、极美的 35. philosophy 哲理、哲学 36. venture 冒险、风险 37. desire 想往、期望 38. motoring 驾车 39. afford 承担

40. affordable 可承担的、可负担的-形容词，

41. unaffordable 不可承担的、不可负担的-形容词 42. ultra-affordable 最终可以负担的 43. so-called 所谓的

44. determine 决定、确定 45. status 身份、地位 46. comfort 舒适、安慰 47. protection 保护 48. protect 保护-动词，

49. protective 予以保护的、保护的-形容词 50. previous 在前的、早先的 DAY 9

1. vehicle 交通工具、车辆 2. two-wheeled 两轮的 3. scooter 小型摩托车 4. three-wheeled 三轮的

5. motorized 机动化的、摩托化的 6. motor 汽车

7. rickshaw 人力车 8. transport 运输

9. potential 潜在的、可能的；潜力、潜能 10. extensive 广泛的、广大的 11. predictable 可预测的

12. predict 预测、预言-动词，

13. unpredictable 不可预测的-形容词 14. explosion 爆发、爆炸 15. inevitable 不可避免的 16. inescapable 不可逃避的 17. unavoidable 不可避免的 18. wisdom 智慧、明智 19. warning 警告、预告 20. consequence 后果 21. massive 大量的

22. compelling 强迫的、引人注目的 23. argument 争论、辩论 24. definite 明确的、一定的 25. connection 关系、连接 26. worsen 恶化、损害

27. worse 更坏的、更恶略的-形容词 28. respectively 各自地、分别地 29. personally 个人地 30. individually 单个地 31. subjectively 主观地

32. critical 批评的、危机的、严重的

33. release 释放

34. dramatically 极大地、引人注目地 35. strikingly 醒目地

36. noticeably 值得注意地 37. remarkably 显著地 38. affect 影响

39. concern 考虑、忧虑 40. aspect 方面 41. stuck 被卡住 42. import 进口 43. export出口

44. approximately 大约地、大概地（同义词：nearly, about, around） 45. dependence 依赖、依靠

46. dependent 依赖的、依靠的-形容词， 47. independence 、自主-名词， 48. independent 的、自主的-形容词 49. effect 效果、结果

50. uniquely 唯一地、独特地 DAY 10

1. solution 解答、解决办法 2. benefit 利益 3. drawback 缺点

4. applaud 称赞、赞同 5. mode 方式、模式

6. descendant 子孙、后代、后裔（同义词offspring） 7. regard 看待、当作

8. original 最初的、原始的（衍生词： 9. origin 起源、根源-名词， 10. originate 起源、发生-动词 11. invention 发明

12. invent 发明、创造-动词

13. percentage 百分比、百分率 14. conventional 习俗的、传统的 15. traditional 传统的 16. orthodox 正统地 17. conservative 保守的 18. elite 精锐、精华 19. crisis 危机

20. unfair 不公平的（衍生词：fair） 公平的-形容词）

21. decrease 减少、降低（衍生词：reduce, diminish, cut back, fall, drop） 22. negative 被动的（反义词：positive 主动的） 23. synonym 同义词

24. overcrowding 拥挤的、阻塞的 25. approve 赞成、同意 26. chilling 恐怖的 27. purchaser 消费者

28. purchase 消费-动词， 29. purchasing 消费的-形容词

30. violent 暴力的、强烈的（衍生词：violence 暴力-名词） 31. whereby 凭什么、为何

32. compensation 补偿（衍生词：compensate 偿还、补偿-动词 33. favorable 赞成的、有利的 34. traffic 交通

35. congestion 拥塞（同义词：jam, conjunction, gridlock）

36. cycling 骑脚踏车（衍生词：bicycle 脚踏车，cyclist 骑脚踏车的人） 37. stuck 被粘住的（衍生词：stuck是stick的过去式和过去分词） 38. breathe 呼吸、发出 39. diesel 柴油机、柴油味

40. fume （浓烈或难闻的）烟、气 41. commute （乘坐交通工具）往来 42. college 大学、学院 43. issue 问题；发行 44. despite 不论、尽管 45. flyover过街天桥

46. lane 街道、车道（同义词street, road, avenue, pathway）

47. consideration 考虑、体谅（衍生词：consider 考虑、体谅-动词，considerable 值

得考虑的、数量相当大的-形容词，considerate 考虑周到的-形容词） 48. car-friendly 汽车友好型的 49. humble 微贱的、粗陋的 50. restrict Cambridge4 TEST1

1. ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any

notice忽略，无视 v.

2. encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v. 3. mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n. 4. easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj. 5. change=modify(modification) 改变v. 6. destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n.

7. investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v. 8. where=geographical location 表地点

9. important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.

10. reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n. 11. protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v. 12. newspapers, television=media媒体n. 13. where to live=habitat居住地n.

14. get warmer=global warming变暖n. 15. contribute to=play a part有助于v.

16. survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v. 17. curriculum=course=syllabus课程n.

18. link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v. 19. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.

20. poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜

的adj.

21. exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable

超常的，例外的adj.

22. mating=courtship交配.

23. follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v. 24. good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力 25. best=well=greatest=finest=ideal=top=number one

=ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj.

26. surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶

的adj.

27. volunteer=subject实验研究对象n.

28. similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj. 29. blind=can not see瞎的adj. Cambridge4 TEST2

1. initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own

initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n.

2. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=pick up=widen=be on the

increase=intensify=expand=build up上升，增加v.

3. teach=educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.

4. more than one language=bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n. 5. determine=establish=identify=pinpoint=diagnose 决定v.

6. young people=teenager=youth=in your teens=adolescent=minor年轻人n. 7. community=all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.群体，团体，社

区n.

8. traditional=old-fashioned=outdated=outmoded=unfashionable传统的adj. 9. fail=failure=not succeed=unsuccessful=vain=fruitless=unproductive=be a

failure=go wrong=not work=do no good=fall through失败v. 10. endanger=to put someone or something in danger of being

hurt=damaged=destroyed危及，使危险v.

11. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.

12. inevitable=certain to happen and impossible to avoid不可避免的adj. 13. differ from=unusual与…不同v.

14. reluctant=unwilling=not willing=drag your feet=be loath to do

something=conservative勉强的adj.

15. consult=ask somebody's advice=seek advice=get/obtain advice资询v. 16. alternative=another=other=different=new=else=variation=variant另一个 17. therapist=someone who has been trained to give a particular form of

treatment for physical or mental illness临床医学家n. 18. retrain=taking courses再教育v.

19. salary=pay=wage=income=earnings=fee工资，收入n.

20. long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing=lasting=lifelong=prolong

ed=lingering=enduring=abiding=incurable长期的adj.

21. complaint=complain=make a complaint=protest=object=complain抱怨n. 22. illness=disease=virus=bug=infection疾病 n.

23. connection=relationship=link=correlation联系 n. 24. beneficial=be good for you/ do somebody

good=wholesome=nutritious=nourishing=healthful有益的 adj. 25. insight=comprehension=understanding理解，见解 n. 26. physical=relating to the body=bodily身体的 adj. 27. hazard=risk=danger=threat障碍，危险n.

28. accompany=with=together=along with=come wit陪伴,伴随

29. mental=relating to the health or state of someone's mind精神上的，心理的 adj. 30. possible=possibility=can=potential=there is a chance/possibility可能的adj. 31. reduction=decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少 n.

32. class=type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.

33. rehearsal=practice=training=run-through=exercise排练，演习 n.

34. peer=your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have

the same type of job, social class etc同伴 n.

35. defensive=used or intended to protect someone or something against

attack 防御n.

36. strategy=way=method=approach=technique=system=tactics 方法，功略n. 37. assist=help=aid=with the aid of帮助 v.

38. specific=give (somebody) more details=expand on=enlarge on=go into

more=greater detail=be more specific=be more explicit=elaborate特定的adj. 39. substance=a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas 物质 n. 40. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境 n.

41. engage=give somebody a job=employ=take on=appoint=recruit=sign up雇

佣 v.

42. combine=mix=stir=beat=blend=whisk=dilute联合v. 43. survival=the state of continuing to live or exist幸存n. Cambridge4 TEST3

1. quotation= a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc which you repeat in

a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing 引言n. 2. exemplify= example=case=instance=to be a very typical example of

something=to give an example of something 例证 v.

3. explain=tell=say what/why/where etc=show=demonstrate=go

through=throw/shed light on=set out解释v.

4. outline= to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but

not the details概述 v.

5. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的 n. 6. encourage=persuade=persuasion=get somebody to do

something=influence=encourage=talk somebody into=put somebody up to鼓励 v.

7. loan= an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc. 贷款 n. 8. poverty= being poor贫穷n.

9. crime= illegal activities in general犯罪 n.

10. reject=to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something 拒绝 v.

11. employ=give somebody a job=take on=engage= appoint=recruit=sign up雇

佣 v.

12. courier=a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere快递员

n.

13. storage=keep=store=keep something in storage=preserve 存储n.

14. facility=rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular

purpose 设备n.

15. ambitious=ambition=power-hungry/power-mad=competitive= determined

to be successful, rich, powerful etc.有志向的，雄心壮志的 adj.

16. effort=to try very hard to do something= attempt=campaign=drive努力 n. 17. feature= a part of something that you notice because it seems important,

interesting, or typical；a part of the land, especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's face, such as their eyes, nose etc特点 n. 18. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球 n.

19. unpredictable=can't say/tell=unforeseeable=it remains to be seen 无法预测的

adj.

20. machinery=machines, especially large ones= a system or set of processes for

doing something=machine=device=robot=appliance=mechanism 机械 n.

21. ultimate=someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that

they hope to achieve in the future= final最终的，根本的 adj.

22. atmosphere= the feeling that an event or place gives you= the mixture of

gases that surrounds the Earth气氛; 大气n.

23. occur=happen=take place=there is=come about=come up=turn

up=arise=strike发生v.

24. expand= get bigger=grow=swell up=stretch扩张，扩大v. 25. form= type= way something is/appears=shape形式 n.

26. emerge=appear=become visible=come into view/come into sight=come

out=reappear 出现 v.

27. emit= to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc 发出，放射 n. 28. situation= circumstances=position=case=plight情况，状况 n.

29. self-conscious=worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what

other people think of you自觉的 n.

30. generate= to make someone have a particular feeling=

form=produce=create 产生 v.

31. various=there are several different types of that thing=different=a variety of

something=differing=varying=an assortment of something=assorted=a mix of something=a mixture of something各种各样的 adj.

32. convenient= a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time

or arrangement that is convenient 方便的 adj.

33. objective=impartial=neutral=not take sides=unbiased=disinterested客观的

adj.

34. enquiry=investigate=make inquiries/enquiries=go into=probe=look

into=solve=be under investigation 调查

35. observe=notice=can see/can tell=see=spot=detect=note become

aware/conscious=catch somebody's eye=perceive观察 v. 36. comment=remark=thing to say=point=statement=

announcement=declaration=observation评论

37. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包含，包括 v. 38. focus on=deals only with=concentrate专注于 v.

39. affect=have an effect=have an impact=take effect= make a

difference=impact影响 v.

40. gained from=come from=be based on=originate= go back to=have its

origins in=have its roots in=derive from/be derived from=develop from/evolve from产生于…. V.

41. concern=worry=stress=anxiety=strain= a feeling of worry about something

important关心，担心n. Cambridge4 TEST4

1. official=formal=authorized=on (the) record官方的，正式的 adj.

2. athletic=physically strong and good at sport=fit=be in shape=be in good

condition运动的 adj.

3. intensive=involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short

period of time=rapid=crash course密集的，加强的 adj. 4. burst=a short sudden effort or increase in activity=burst of

anger/enthusiasm/temper etc 爆炸，突发

5. recognize=know=identify=pick out=tell认出，承认v.

6. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short

supply=lack of something=be short 不足的 adj.

7. develop=come from=be based on=originate=go back to=have its origins

in=have its roots in=derive from=be derived from=be founded on=grow out of=develop from=evolve from发展，生长 v.

8. enable=make something possible=allow=permit=pave the way for=clear the

way for使能够 v.

9. predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=projected=guess in

advance预测 v.

10. specialist=someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, or is very

skilled at it=expert专家 n.

11. theoretical=relating to the study of ideas, especially scientific ideas, rather

than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience理论的 adj.

12. basic=fundamental=essential=central=underlying=simple=crude=primitive=

rudimentary=unsophisticated=low-tech基本的 adj.

13. nature=plants/animals etc=somebody's character=qualities of

something=type自然 n.

14. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target=end目的 n. 15. translate=change languages=interpret=put something into

English/French/Japanese etc翻译 v.

16. ancient=belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years

ago 古老的 adj.

17. realistic=when pictures, films etc make things seem real=lifelike=realism=true

to life=vivid实际的，现实的

18. field=area=branch=world=domain=realm=sphere领域 n.

19. document=a piece of paper that has official information on it；a piece of

written work that is stored on a computer文件 n.

20. equal=the same in number, amount, level etc as something else平等的 adj. 21. influence=effect=side effect=impact=what something does to=the

implications 影响 n.

22. behavior=manner=conduct=behave=well-behaved=good=be on your

best=stay out of trouble行为 n.

23. compare=to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they

are similar to or different from each other=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel=contrast 比较 v.

24. economically=in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business

经济上地 adv.

25. establish=determine=identify=pinpoint=diagnose=to start a new business or

organization.建立新的生意/组织 v.

26. sustainable=able to continue without causing damage to the environment;

able to continue for a long time可持续的 adj.

27. realize=know=be/become aware=can tell=appreciate=be conscious=know

perfectly well=know/learn from experience意识到 v.

28. limit=restrict=set/impose/put a limit=keep to/keep within=confine=fix 29. produce=form=create=generate生产 v.

30. guarantee=promise=assure=give somebody your word=swear=vow=commit

to=pledge保证 v.

31. liberty=freedom=a free hand自由 n.

32. independence=self-sufficiency=self-reliance n.

33. consistent=always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes,

standards etc - usually used to show approval持续的 adj.

34. underestimate=to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier

etc than it really is=to think that someone is not as good, clever, or skilful, as they really are低估 v.

35. provision=when you provide something that someone needs now or in the

future 提供 n. Cambridge5 TEST1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

produce=develop=manufacture生产 v. central=middle中心的 adj. did not have=without没有 v.

bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来 v. time limit=deadline时间，期限 n.

increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pick up=widen=intensify=build up增加 7. assistant=helper=coach 助手 n.

8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=la

rge scale/large-scale巨大的 adj.

9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=make clear=reflect=tell=be

evidence=reveal 表明，显示 v.

10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语 n. 11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前

任n.

12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport,

business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者 n.

13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing

分心的事物 n.

14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be something

wrong with 错误，缺点

15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n. 16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予 v.

17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定 n. 18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v. 19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约 n. 20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予 v.

21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them

and think they are extremely interesting吸引，使着迷 v.

22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰 v. 23. expect=think=anticipate预期，期待 v.

24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心

理学 n.

25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conform

to=observe=respect=toe the line=go by the book/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.

26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n. 27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性 n. 28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生 v.

29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地 adv.

30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with

the difference between good and evil 道德上的，与道德有关的 adj. 31. prior to=before=previous在…前面

32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复 n. 33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的 adj.

34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get

something that is more important牺牲 v.

35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者 n. 36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造 v.

37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服 v. 38. surrender=give in 投降，放弃 v.

39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist

anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的 adj. 40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的 adj. 41. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大 v.

42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature,

especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand 现象 n.

43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识，观念，看法 n. 44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想 n.

45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something 使某人有权

利/资格 v.

46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解 v. 47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in their

places=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排，处理 v.

48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling

rather than by considering the facts=instinct 直觉 n.

49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物，散发物n. 50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut 减少，减小v. 51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟 v.

52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential 至关重要的 adj. 53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that

something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的 adj. 54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力 Cambridge5 TEST2

1. similar=like=resemble相似的 adj.

2. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源 v.

3. impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragement 动

机，动力 n.

4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生 v. 5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随 v.

6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素 n.

7. unique=have the distinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的

adj.

8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步 n. 9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域 n. 10. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物 n. 11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如 12. resource=material=source资源，来源 n.

13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj. 14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉 v. 15. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.

16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj. 17. draw on=absorb=do with吸收 v.

18. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定 v.

19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势 n.

20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.

21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点 n.

22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能 n. 23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联 v. 24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v. 25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的 adj. 26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作 n.

27. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地 adv. 28. react=respond 反应 v.

29. relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系 v. 30. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual

opinions 主观观点 n.

31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is

strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲 v.

32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出 v.

33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估，估计 v. 34. emerge=appear=come forth出现 v. 35. remain=keep=stay=maintain保持 v.

36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n. 37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育 v. 38. overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒 v. 39. initial=original=premier最初的，开始的 adj.

40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是 adv. Cambridge5 TEST3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果 n. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜 v.

insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的 adj. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供 v.

launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放 v.

suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想 v. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.

handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.

peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴 n.

10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的 adj.

11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理 v. 12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金 n.

13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work

together etc. 互动 v.

14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉 n.

15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc

settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀 n. 16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰 v. 17. process=procedure=method=approach过程 n. 18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁 n.

19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的 adj. 20. construct=build=make=found 建造 v.

21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for

something bad责备，怪罪 v.

22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激 v.

23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的 adj. 24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响 v.&n. 25. occur=happen=exist=come发生 v.

26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含 v. 27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.

28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj. 29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失 v. 30. consciousness=awareness 意识 n. 31. ignite=light=inflame点燃 v.

32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕 v.

33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为 v.

34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj. 35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟 v.

36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.

37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj. 38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n. 39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n. Cambridge5 TEST4

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

community=organization=group=body团体n. fragile=delicate脆弱的adj. remote=distant 遥远的 adj.

require=desire=order=command要求 v. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民 n.

consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result 结果，因此 adv.

7. destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.

8. throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部

adv.

9. operate=act=run运转 v.

10. output=product输出，产品 n.

11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n. 12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏 v. 13. revive=renaissance复兴 v.

14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的 adj.

15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj. 16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n. 17. break=shatter=crack打碎，打破 v.

18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.

19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称 v.

20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v. 21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=put

down=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制 v.

22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速 v.

23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查 v. 24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.

25. detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉，发现 v. 26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称 v.

27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n. 28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的 adj. 29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为

30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使 v. 31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的 adj. 32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾

33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的 adj.

34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，

确保 v.

35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的 adj. Cambridge6 TEST1

1. exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v. 2. expertise=skill 专门技术n.

3. employ=analyze=study 使用v. 4. investigation=analysis 调查n. 5. narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.

6. reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v. 7. funded support=finance 资金n.

8. athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n. 9. calculate=measure 计算 v. 10. event=championship 赛事 n. 11. plan=prepare=design 计划 v.

12. improve=grow=get better 进步 v. 13. trade=economy 贸易n.

14. transport=import or export=deliver 运输 v. 15. local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj. 16. weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.

17. value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n. 18. delivery=export or import 运输 n.

19. nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻 n. 20. international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的 adj. 21. shipping=freight 船运 n.

22. cargo=freight=goods 货物 n. 23. tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.

24. landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n. 25. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的 adj. 26. essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品 n. 27. supply=provision=support 供给 n.

28. grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长 v. 29. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n. 30. understanding=knowledge 了解 n. 31. well-being=health 健康 n.

32. impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能 adj. 33. catch=exploit=capture 抓捕 v.

34. surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境 n. 35. push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限 36. not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的 37. present inhabitant=descendant 居民 38. give up=abandon 放弃

39. mainly=heavily=most 主要地 40. visit=venture 参观 Cambridge6 TEST2

1. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv. 2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n. 3. commute=travel 通勤 v.

4. higher=increasing=more 更高的 adj.

5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n. 6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的 adj. 7. together=face to face 共同

8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.

9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n. 10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.

11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的 12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.

13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移 14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明 15. related=associated 有关联的 adj. 16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受（病痛）v.

17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n. 18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v. 19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛 n.

20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v. 21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.

22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的 adj. 23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降 n. 24. elderly people=old people 老人n. 25. independent=self-reliant 自立的 adj. 26. regular=daily 定期的adj.

27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.

28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj. 29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v. 30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.

31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n. 32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.

33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n. 34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj. 35. early=older 早期的adj.

36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v. 37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.

38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n. 39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n. 40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v. 41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj. 42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.

43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n. Cambridge6 TEST3

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v. actor=star 演员n.

first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n. globe=world 世界n.

early=first=ancient 早期的adj.

7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝 8. describe=tell 描述v.

9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj. 10. target=goal=aim 目标n.

11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n. 12. match to=suit to 合适

13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.

14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate

to 联系起来

15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n. 16. remuneration=payment 酬金n. 17. tend to=prone to 倾向于

18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v. 19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v. 20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.

21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj. 22. clerical worker=clerk 员n.

23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v. 24. job=work=assignment 工作n.

25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v. 26. growing old=ageing 变老

27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n. 28. life=lifespan 生命

29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n. 30. production=generation=output 产量n.

31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.

32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于 33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj. Cambridge6 TEST4

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n. promotion=marketing 营销n.

increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v. research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.

work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out 奏效v.

6. technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way 技术n.

7. criticism=judgement=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n. 8. moral=ethical 道德的 adj.

9. legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj. 10. money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n. 11. adults=men and women 成人n.

12. maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj. 13. education=literacy=cultivation 教育n. 14. child=infant=kid 孩子n.

15. approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.

16. impressive=greatest=touching=unforgettable 印象深刻的 adj. 17. programme=campaign=project 项目n.

18. common=persistent=normal=usual=ordinary=everyday 常见的adj. 19. be halved=decline by 50% 减半

20. key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.

21. produce=develop=generate=engineer=manufacture 生产v. 22. detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj. 23. on its own=alone 自身 24. however=but=yet 但是

25. self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.

26. effective=useful=beneficial=good=needed 有效的 adj. 27. distinguish=recognize the difference=differentiate 区别v. Cambridge7 TEST1

1. rely on=depend on 依靠v.

2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免v. 3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝 v.

4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v. 5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢 n.

6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v. 7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v. 8. detection=finding=observation 探测 n.

9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造 v. 10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的 adj. 11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进 n. 12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的 adj. 13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.

14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地 adv. 15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为 16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.

17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.

18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前

19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的 adj. 20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的 adj. 21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认 v.

22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似 v. 23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致

24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的 25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理 v.

26. imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example 模仿 v. 27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持 v. 28. feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume 喂食 v.

29. illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明 v. 30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆 v.

31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的 v. 32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到 v. 33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持 v.

34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信 v.

35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的 adj. Cambridge7 TEST2

1. 2. 3. 4.

interior=inner=inside 内部的 adj. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变v.

establish=build=found=set up=start 建立 v. official=authority=leader=supervisor n.

5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的 adj. 6. collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌 v.

7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭 v. 8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收 v. 9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的 adj. 10. purify=refine=distill 净化 v.

11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的 adj. 12. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降 v.

13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏 v. 14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出 v.

15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论 v. 16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应 v. 17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起 v. 18. refer to=mention=allude to=touch on 提到 v.

19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同 v. 20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求 n.

21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开 v. 22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成 23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍 v.

24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标 n.

25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行 v. 26. promote=encourage=help=aid 促进 v.

27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告 v. 28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔 n.

29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入 n. Cambridge7 TEST3

1. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因 n. 2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量 v.

3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道 n.

4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外 v.

5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的 adj. 6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在 v.

7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to v. 8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界 n. 9. allow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能

10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 提议 n. 11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的 adj. 12. odour=smell=stench=stink 味道 n. 13. find one's way=navigate 导航 v. 14. bearing=position=standing 方位 n. 15. exchange=share=distribute 分享 v.

16. waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash 废物 n. 17. dental=teeth 牙齿的 adj.

18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先 n. 19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励 v. 20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索 v. 21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素 n. 22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养 v.

23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变 v. 24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化 v.

25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护 v. 26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视 v.

27. allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配 v. 28. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降 v.

29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的 adj.

30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进，提高 v. 31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的 adj.

32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可持续的 adj. 33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据 n.

34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的 adj. Cambridge7 TEST4

1. large numbers of=tens of thousands of=many 大量的 2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的 adj.

3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像 v. 4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人 n.

5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过 v. 6. decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降 n. 7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止 v.

8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的 adj. 9. establish=found=build=set up 建立 v.

10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功 11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge承认 v. 12. label=display=call=brand=hail 贴标签，命名 v.

13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应 v. 14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误 n.

15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视 v. 16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的 adj.

17. generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered 大体上的

adv.

18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前 adv. 19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用 v.

20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为 21. raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up 使…上升 v.

22. in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well 除此之外 23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民 n. 24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败 n.

25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立

26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证 v. 27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助 v. 28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认 v.

29. permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize 许可 v. 30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰 v. 31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复 v.

32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止 v. 33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰 v.

34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的 adj. 35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发 v. 36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的adj. 37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的 adj. 38. require=demand=need=call for 要求v.

39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳 n. 40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示 v.

41. concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive 专注 v. 42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产 v.

43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行v. 44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行 v. Cambridge8 TEST1

1. 2. 3. 4.

agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.同意 sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法 significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性

meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思

5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people

claim to have, such as knowing what will happen in the future n.通灵学

6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境 7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变 8. trial=experiment=test n.实验 9. success rate=positive

result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就 10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.认出，识别

11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.

12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.

独特的

13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置

14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷

的

15. farming=agriculture n.农业

16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的 17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的

18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make

up=conceive=coin=dream up v.创造 19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的

20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to

piece v. 分开

21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新

的，的

22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明 23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组

织，使协调

24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动 25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash

26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody

to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v. 导致

27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似

28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and

white adj. 过于简化的，不完整的

29. altitude=from…meters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度 30. zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.区域 31. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候

32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类

33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建 34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光

35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking

up v.发展，进化

36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机

37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的

38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市 39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings

regularly from side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆

40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧

合的

41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or

refuse to obey a rule or law v.不服从 Cambridge8 TEST2

1. 2. 3. 4.

drastically : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地 carry out : subject to : 使服从

remain=stay=keep=continue to be=still v.保持

detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware / conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查

5. fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be

something matter with n.缺陷，缺点

6. enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的

7. main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=co

re adj.主要的:

8. documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明 9. shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换

10. consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的 11. drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.干旱的 12. period=cycle=era=age n.年代

13. random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的

14. molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的 15. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的 16. discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现 17. pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易

18. relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系 19. feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉 20. unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的

21. difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的 22. study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究 23. smell=odour=scent n.气味

24. interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解 25. define=distinguish=tell the difference v.使明确

26. damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害 27. realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink

in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到

28. reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let

somebody take a look v.显示

29. to be defined=unanswered 无答案的

30. husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds夫妇

31. linguistic=language n.语言

32. describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give

an account of=tell of v.描述

33. lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short

supply v.缺乏的

34. do not smell=odorless 没有气味的 35. regard as=consider to 把…认作

36. unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty

adj.极讨厌的

37. certain=some=a measure of adj.一些

38. correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致 39. relevance n.关联 40. float=afloat v.浮动 Cambridge8 TEST3

1. building=property=construction n.建筑

2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持 3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助 4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦 5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成

6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导 7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光

8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的 9. test in real=field test 实地测试 10. genius=giftedness / talent /

intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才

11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承

12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural

ability to do something well n.才能，技能

13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少

14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性 15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.

达成

16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n. 17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的

18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的 19. life span=duration of life 寿命

20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟

21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长 22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则 23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的

24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存

25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽

的

26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any

other living thing n.有机的 Cambridge8 TEST4

1. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学 2. format=pattern n.格式

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

less successful student=struggler 差等生

key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键

achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就 spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的

adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的

8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细

的，精心的

9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=anot

her n.补充，帮助

10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力 11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确

12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱 13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗

14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出 15. innate=built-in adj.先天的 16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力 17. entail=involve v.包含

18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统 19. feed on=prey on 以…为食 20. blight=plague v.破坏

21. wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate 根除 22. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨

23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a

comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比 24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别

25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a

perfect match /pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.兼容的 26. specimen=individual n.标本

27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器

28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的

29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地 30. pitfall=trap n.陷阱

31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小

程度的维修与介入

32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that

destroy crops n.杀虫剂

33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from

decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂