Organization Behavior 15e Chapter 4 Testbank

B) knowledge C) insight D) attention E) cognition A) affect

Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions? A) Emotions are reactions to a person or event.

B) Emotions last for a longer time period than moods. C) Emotions are never action-oriented in nature. D) Emotions lack a contextual stimulus.

E) Emotions involve less intense feelings than moods. A) Emotions are reactions to a person or event

Which of the following terms best describes an intense feeling directed at someone or something? A) perception B) cognition C) mood D) reasoning E) emotion E) emotion

Ashley Madison works as a receptionist at a fashion magazine. One morning, her boss walks into the office and yells at her, telling her that the front office is a mess and she needs to clean it immediately. After her boss leaves the room, Madison goes to the front office and violently slams trash into the bin. Which of the following best describes Madison's anger? A) a recognition B) an insight C) a mood D) an emotion E) a perception D) a perception

________ refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus. A) Affect B) Cognition C) Mood D) Thought E) Reaction

C) mood

Robert Springer woke up in the morning and felt a sense of joy and peace as he got ready for work. At work, though challenges came his way, he tackled them without getting stressed about them. This feeling lasted for several days that week. What is one of the reasons that Springer's feeling can be categorized as a mood and not as an emotion? A) It is more intense than emotions.

B) It is brought about by a specific event. C) It is prolonged in nature. D) It is a positive feeling.

E) It is indicated by a facial expression. C) It is prolonged in nature

When Ariana Winter is told that her dog has been killed by a car, she feels deeply saddened. Her feelings are then overcome by a surge of anger at the car driver. However minutes later, she is able to laugh and talk about the good memories spent with her pet. What is one of the reasons that Winter's reaction can be categorized as an emotion? A) Its cause is general and ambiguous. B) It lasted for a brief time period. C) It is not action-oriented. D) It is a negative feeling. E) It is cognitive in nature.

B) It lasted for a brief time period

Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding moods?

A) Moods are always brought about by a specific event. B) Moods last for a very short period of time such as a few seconds.

C) As compared to emotions, moods are more likely to be clearly revealed by facial expressions.

D) Moods are more fleeting than emotions. E) Moods are cognitive in nature. E) Moods are cognitive in nature

Katherine Connor started her day with a cup of coffee while reading the newspaper. However, something about the day makes her feel low. When she reaches the office, she feels upset and distracted from work, although she cannot pinpoint a reason for feeling this way. She continues to feel upset and

distracted through the rest of the day. Which of the following is she most likely to be experiencing?

A) a response B) a reaction

C) a counteraction D) an attitude E) a mood E) a mood

Erin Corbett works at a software company, in charge of the help desk. A short while ago, she received a call from a

discontent customer about a problem he is facing due to the company's software. Though she tried to help the customer with the software, he refused to listen to her. He continued yelling at her and finally banged the phone down. Corbett feels exasperated after hanging up the phone and goes for a cup of coffee to calm herself down. What makes Corbett's anger an emotion, rather than a mood?

A) The cause of her behavior is unclear. B) The feeling of being angry is prolonged. C) The anger has a contextual stimulus. D) The response is void of action.

E) The response is cognitive in nature. C) The anger has a contextual stimulus

Alana Gore works as a campaign manager at a non-profit organization in Manhattan. She was recently asked by her supervisor to give a presentation on the progress of the ongoing climate campaign. However, throughout the

presentation, her colleague Kelly Simmons interrupts her by asking irrelevant questions. In addition, she tries to insult her by constantly criticizing key findings and objectives achieved. Though Gore initially tried to be patient, she eventually loses her cool and retorts back asking her to keep her questions and clarifications for the end of the presentation. Which of the following is a reason why Gore's reaction can be categorized as an emotion instead of a mood?

A) Its cause is general and ambiguous. B) It is not action-oriented.

C) It incorporates both positive and negative dimensions of affect.

D) It is less cognitive in nature than moods. E) It is caused by a specific event. E) It is caused by a specific event

________ are cognitive in nature, have an unclear, general cause, and last for several hours or days. A) Emotions

B) Feelings C) Perceptions D) Moods E) Reactions D) moods

________ are caused by a specific event, are very brief, and accompanied by distinct facial expressions. A) Emotions B) Perceptions C) Attitudes D) Moods E) Reactions A) emotions

Which of the following famous philosophers identified six emotions which he called \"simple and primitive passions\" and argued that all the others are composed of some of these six or are species of them? A) Paul Churchland B) René Descartes C) George Berkeley D) David Hume E) John Locke B) Rene Descartes

Which of the following emotions did philosopher René

Descartes identify as one of the six emotions which he called simple and primitive passions? A) persuasion B) wonder C) confidence D) anticipation E) encouragement B) wonder

Which of the following is one of the six essentially universal emotions agreed on by a majority of researchers? A) anger B) shame C) apathy

D) indifference E) distress A) anger

________ is a pure marker of low negative affect. A) Boredom B) Nervousness C) Contentment D) Relaxation E) Serenity

D) relaxation (boredom)

________ is a pure marker of high positive affect. A) Contentment B) Excitement C) Fatigue D) Boredom E) Relaxation B) Excitement

________ is a pure marker of low positive affect. A) Stress

B) Relaxation C) Boredom D) Nervous E) Alert

C) Boredom (relaxation)

Which of the following mood dimensions is a pure marker of high negative affect? A) depression B) relaxation C) fatigue D) boredom E) nervousness E) nervousness

Negative affect is a mood dimension consisting of ________ at the low end. A) nervousness B) relaxation C) anxiety D) stress E) depression

B) relaxation (depression)

Jane Hastings recently joined her first job as a communication executive and is working on creating press releases for an upcoming campaign. The campaign is getting launched

publicly in the next week and Hastings will need to interact with the media and give sound bytes on the issue. This is the first time she will be interacting with the press and she is

experiencing emotions of anxiousness, nervousness, and stress. Which of the following mood dimensions is she experiencing? A) low positive affect B) neutral affect

C) low negative affect D) high positive affect E) high negative affect E) high negative affect

Heather Donahue who works as a receptionist at a finance firm in New Jersey has been dissatisfied with her job for several months now. She finds the job uninteresting because of its monotonous nature where all she needs to do is receive calls. During work hours, she often experiences emotions such as tiredness, weariness, and boredom. Which of the following mood dimensions is she most likely to be experiencing? A) low positive affect B) neutral affect

C) low negative affect D) high positive affect E) high negative affect

A) low positive affect (low negative)

Jean Ervin works as a fund raising executive at a women rights organization in San Diego. Though she has been with the organization for only a year now, she has already been

promoted and often gets excellent feedback from her manager. Her manager says that the key to Ervin's good performance is because she is happy with the work she does and she is excited about the challenges in tasks which she takes up with a lot of enthusiasm. Which of the following mood dimensions is Ervin most likely to be feeling? A) low positive affect B) neutral affect

C) low negative affect D) high positive affect E) high negative affect D) high positive affect

Emotions such as relaxation, serenity, and calmness comprise the ________ mood dimension. A) low positive affect B) neutral affect

C) low negative affect D) high positive affect E) high negative affect

C) low negative affect (low positive)

________ refers to the tendency of most individuals to

experience a mildly positive mood at zero input when nothing in particular is going on. A) Low positive affect B) Positivity offset C) Blunted affect D) Negativity bias E) Residual positivity positivity offset

Which of the following is most likely to be experienced during a positivity offset? A) nervousness B) depression C) stress D) anxiety E) relaxation E) relaxation

A research group in Arizona recently conducted a survey

among workers of a coal power plant to understand emotions and their happiness quotient. Employees at the plant often complained about poor working conditions and low insurance benefits. However, the group was surprised with the finding of the survey because employees had a positive mood 70 percent of the time during work hours. Which of the following concepts would best explain such a finding? A) butterfly effect B) framing effect C) anchoring bias D) distinction bias E) positivity offset E) positivity offset

Which of the following is true about emotions?

A) They are experienced over several days or months. B) They are never caused by specific events. C) They are less intense than moods. D) They are critical to rational thinking. E) They are less fleeting than moods. D) They are critical to rational thinking

________ refers to individual differences in strength with which individuals experience their emotions. A) Hawthorne effect B) Affect intensity

C) Intelligence quotient D) Positivity offset E) Ambiguity effect B) affect intensity

) Ben Ervin often experiences emotions in a much stronger manner than most of his other colleagues. Events that do not provoke any significant emotional response from another person, send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. In view of such a situation, Ervin is displaying a high level of ________.

A) intelligence quotient B) sentience quotient C) intellectual giftedness D) butterfly effect E) affect intensity E) affect intensity

________ refers to the tendency of people to associate two events when in reality there is no connection. A) Affect intensity B) Focusing effect C) Distinction bias D) Omission bias

E) Illusory correlation E) illusory correlation

Gerard Yoder believes that every time he picks up his daughter, Penny, from school, it brings him good luck. The last time he picked her up from school, he won a lottery ticket. Today, after he received her from school, he reached his office and found out that he has been promoted. Which of the following concepts best describes Yoder's belief? A) affect intensity B) bandwagon effect C) illusory superiority D) positive bias

E) illusory correlation E) illusory correlation

Which of the following is an example of an epicurean activity which helps increase a person's positive mood? A) attending a meeting B) playing video games C) going on a ski vacation D) eating a meal with friends E) watching a movie

D) eating a meal with friends

Which of the following is an example of a sedentary activity that does not play a crucial role in increasing positive mood? A) playing video games at home B) going for a hike in the mountains C) going on a ski vacation

D) eating a meal with family members E) going to a party with friends A) playing video games at home

Which of the following statements is true regarding sources of moods and emotions?

A) Reduced sleep makes a person more alert during waking hours.

B) Physical and informal activities increase positive mood. C) Weather has a controlling effect on moods.

D) Intensity of negative emotions increases with age.

E) Mounting levels of stress at work create positive emotions. B) physical and informal activities increase positive mood

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.

39) The manager's suggestion is based on which of the following assumptions?

A) Employees are not experiencing a lack of work-life balance. B) Employees' workload can be adjusted to accommodate their requests to go on leave.

C) Employees have been misusing the company's leave encashment policy.

D) Employees have been able to go on leave whenever they wanted to.

B) Employees' workload can be adjusted to accommodate their request to go on leave

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.

Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion most likely be accepted?

A) The company recently acquired a new client and work volumes are expected to increase.

B) The company halted its hiring plans for the year in order to focus on developing talent in-house.

C) The company allows employees to encash their unused leave at the end of every year.

D) The company promotes work-life balance, by offering employees flexible working arrangements.

E) The company has a \"use it or lose it\" policy whereby unused leave lapses at the end of every year.

E) The company has a \"use it or lose it\" policy whereby unused leave lapses at the end of every year

The findings of a recent company survey at Rader Industries showed that employees are experiencing high levels of work stress. To offset this, a manager suggests instituting a leave policy whereby employees must go on a mandatory vacation for 7 days in the year.

Under which of the following conditions, if true, would the manager's suggestion least likely be accepted?

A) The company conducts one-day offsite events on an annual basis to allow employees some time to unwind.

B) The skills required by the company are highly specialized, and hence the company is short-staffed.

C) The employees, though experiencing high levels of stress, also report high levels of job engagement.

D) The company's employees have reported high stress levels for more than three years in a row.

E) The company's leading competitor was recently voted as one of the best places to work due to its focus on employee well-being.

B) The skills required by the company are highly specialized, and hence the company is short-staffed

A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work is known as ________.

A) emotional labor B) self-concordance C) emotional liability D) negative affect E) cognitive deviance A) emotional labor

Rachel Hartley was a top graduate management student who now works as a project manager at a retail firm. However, in spite of her strong education background, she often finds it difficult to manage her team efficiently. She is not able to

understand her team's emotions when they feel frustrated with a work challenge or when they need appreciation for a job well done. Which of the following does Hartley suffer from? A) downing effect

B) low emotional dissonance C) depressive realism

D) low cognitive dissonance E) low emotional intelligence

Which of the following terms refers to a person's ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and information? A) emotional intelligence B) self-concordance C) emotional spectrum D) illusory correlation E) cognitive dissonance A) emotional intelligence

Alejandro is constantly annoying people in the office. He

speaks his mind freely without taking into consideration how it will affect others, doesn't try to smile when he's in a bad mood, and can't understand why other people are upset with him. Alejandro's inability to be self-aware indicates that he has a very low ________. A) cognitive intelligence B) self-esteem C) negative affect

D) emotional intelligence E) job satisfaction

D) emotional intelligence

Wanda Elder works as a human resource executive. Being helpful is inherent in her nature and she regularly interacts with employees helping them understand their needs and ease difficulties. She reads emotional cues of people with ease and

knows how to express her emotions without violating organizational norms. Which of the the following is Elder characterized by?

A) high cognitive dissonance B) low self-esteem

C) high emotional dissonance D) high emotional intelligence E) low job satisfaction

D) high emotional intelligence

Whether a candidate has high emotional intelligence would be a significant factor when considering a candidate for the job of a(n) ________.

A) event planner who needs to coordinate with several people B) engineer working on developing a software program C) web researcher who needs to consolidate online travel information

D) copy-editor who checks spelling and grammatical errors in manuscripts

E) technical writer who needs to create a 1000 word article everyday

A) event planner who needs to coordinate with several people

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotional intelligence (EI)?

A) It refers to a score derived from standardized tests to measure intelligence.

B) It refers to an aptitude for intellectual activities that cannot be acquired with personal effort.

C) It comprises a person's ability to detect other's and one's own feelings.

D) It is based on rationality instead of intuitive appeal to make judgments.

E) It refers to a person's ability to suppress his or her true emotions and express organizationally accurate emotions.

C) It comprises a person's ability to detect other's and one's own feelings

Which of the following is an argument used against emotional intelligence?

A) It is not genetically influenced and thus is void of an underlying biological factor.

B) It does not have the capacity to predict criteria that matter. C) It can be learned by experience.

D) It cannot be measured easily and measures of EI are

diverse.

E) It is not closely related to intelligence and personality.

D) It cannot be measured easily and measures of EI are diverse

For which of the following jobs is it most likely to be important to hire employees with high emotional intelligence? A) jobs which require customer service skills B) jobs which need strong technical skills

C) jobs which require the ability to work independently D) jobs which require good critical thinking skills E) jobs which require good writing skills A) jobs which require customer service skills

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of moods and emotions on decision making?

A) Moods and emotions have no direct influence on decision making.

B) People in good moods are less likely than others to use heuristics to make decisions.

C) Positive emotions tend to diminish problem-solving skills and analytical skills.

D) People with positive emotions are slower at processing information as compared to depressed people.

E) Depressed people tend to weigh all possible options rather than the most likely ones.

E) Depressed people tend to weigh all possible options rather than the most likely ones

Amber and Emma were recently hired by a marketing agency. Though there is a lot of work that has been allotted to both of them, Amber is always in a good mood. Emma, on the other hand, appears to be depressed with her job. In such a situation, as compared to Emma, Amber is more likely to ________. A) take an extended time at processing information B) have poor problem-solving skills C) make poorer decisions

D) find better solutions to problems

E) weigh all possible options rather than the most likely ones D) find better solutions to problems

Dawn Wang heads an ad agency in Texas and regularly needs to work with copywriters, artists, and designers to come up with effective branding solutions for products. For one of the company's esteemed clients, Wang and her team need to brainstorm ideas for a slogan for the client's new line of

clothing. In such a situation, why is it particularly important

for Wang to keep her team happy?

A) People take a long time at processing information when they are in a good mood.

B) People tend to weigh all options to make less likely decisions when in a good mood.

C) People are less likely to use rules of thumb when they are in a good mood.

D) People tend to make decisions quickly when they are in a good mood.

E) People are more creative and produce more ideas when they are in a good mood.

E) People are more creative and produce more ideas when they are in a good mood

Which of the following statements is true regarding negotiation?

A) Displaying a negative emotion at a negotiation can never be effective.

B) Angry negotiators who have less power than opponents have better outcomes.

C) Individuals who do poorly in a negotiation are more willing to be cooperative in future negotiations.

D) Feeling bad about your performance during a negotiation tends to impair future negotiations.

E) Individuals who do poorly in a negotiation develop positive perceptions of their counterpart.

D) Feeling bad about your performance during a negotiation tends to impair future negotiations

Tiffany Crowe works as a showroom executive at a clothing boutique in London. Today, she is in a positive mood and instantly greets and smiles at a customer who walks into the store. The customer feels welcomed by her response. While browsing the store, Crowe helps the customer with products and passes on her positive mood to the customer. The

customer leaves the store feeling content with a smile on her face. Which of the following best describes this situation? A) emotional contagion B) positivity offset

C) cognitive dissonance D) framing effect E) bandwagon effect A) emotional contagion

Green Earth, an environmental organization in Oklahoma, recently recruited Phyllis Galvan as a project coordinator.

Galvan's manager has noticed that ever since she has joined, she has been extremely positive about her work and takes up challenges without complaining. In addition, she maintains a positive ambience by helping out colleagues and smiling at everyone she interacts with. Her behavior has had a positive effect on her colleagues who have started behaving in a similar manner now. Which of the following concepts is demonstrated in this example?

E) emotional contagion

As part of their sales training, the staff at Penny Stores is encouraged to build personal relationships with the store's patrons. Apart from receiving product training, the staff is taught to follow a scripted sales process wherein they must greet the customers, introduce themselves, and enquire about their purchase. They are also encouraged to engage in casual conversation with the customer. In a recent survey conducted by the marketing department, it was revealed that customers were dissatisfied with the level of service at Penny Stores. Which of the following, if true, best explains this situation? A) Customers come to Penny Stores to make high-involvement purchases.

B) Customers associate superior service with efficiency and not friendliness.

C) Penny Stores offers an extensive range of consumer products.

D) The training period for the staff is three weeks long. E) The staff at Penny Stores is friendly but not familiar.

B) customers associate superior service with efficiency and not friendliness

People often behave in ways that violate established norms and threaten the organization, its members, or both. Such actions are called ________.

A) workplace deviant behaviors B) social alienation behaviors C) role engulfment

D) behavioral contagion E) behavioral modernity

A) workplace deviant behaviors

Jonathan Cowan is upset because he was passed over for a promotion he had really worked hard for. In response to his anger toward the manager and the company, he has started gossiping about the manager with his colleagues and assigning blame on him unnecessarily. Jonathan's behavior is an

example of ________.

A) deviant workplace behavior B) distinction bias

C) cognitive dissonance D) positivity offset

E) emotional dissonance

A) deviant workplace behavior

Which of the following is an example of deviant workplace behavior?

A) sabotaging one's organization's computers B) taking blame for not achieving a deadline

C) putting forward one's views in a brainstorming session D) working during the weekend to make up for backlog E) requesting a two-day leave during Christmas A) sabotaging one's organization's computers